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Tom 60, Numer 4 (232)

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2017 Następne

Data publikacji: 28.03.2018

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Zeszyty Prasoznawcze, Tom 60, Numer 4 (232), 2017, s. 1 - 1

https://doi.org/10.4467/22996362PZ.17.040.8182
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Jacek Dąbała

Zeszyty Prasoznawcze, Tom 60, Numer 4 (232), 2017, s. 707 - 722

https://doi.org/10.4467/22996362PZ.17.041.8183

The multimodality of audiovisuality vs. projection error in communication

The paper analyzes the semantic complexity of such concepts as modality, multimodality and audiovisuality, as well as their intricate effects on media communication errors. The author shows the link between the lack of perceptual abilities of people and the errors made in their work. In addition, he distinguishes and terms the most important communication errors. He also indicates how they can be avoided by knowingly adapting one’s own abilities to the tasks: both planned and performed.
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Aleksander Kiklewicz

Zeszyty Prasoznawcze, Tom 60, Numer 4 (232), 2017, s. 723 - 742

https://doi.org/10.4467/22996362PZ.17.042.8184

The Phenomenon of syntactic segmentation in the contemporary press texts

The aim of the article is to present the phenomenon of syntactic segmentation in the contemporary Polish press texts (mainly in the weekly magazines Tygodnik Powszechny and Polityka). This phenomenon consists in the isolating one or more sentence parts (they may be also subordinate clauses) in the form of independent phrase. In the oral speech segmentation is expressed by pause, and in written texts are used the dots (as a graphic sign). The segmentation is associated with a specific positioning the segments, namely their end position. Therefore, there aren’t rare cases when segmentation is accompanied by a change of the words order, i.e. putting elements in the postposition towards the lead (sentence substrate). The pause between the lead and the subphrase is equivalent to the expression (in form of parentheses) of actualization, i.e. highlighting the importance of the content transmitted in this way. In perspective of functionality, segmentation is an ambiguous phenomenon. It serves in the first place to emphasize the content (an emphatic function), but also features other functions: fascination, expressive and ergonomic.
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Iwona Hofman

Zeszyty Prasoznawcze, Tom 60, Numer 4 (232), 2017, s. 743 - 759

https://doi.org/10.4467/22996362PZ.17.043.8185

Serious journalism by Reverend Adam Boniecki

As the Senior Editor of Tygodnik Powszechny, Reverend Adam Boniecki published two collections of comments, previously known from the publications in this weekly magazine in the years 2008–2014. These are: “Lepiej palić fajkę niż czarownice” (2011) and „Zakaz palenia” (2014). These comments meet the genre criteria, particularly in the explicit exposition of the author’s views and readiness to hear other arguments and interpretation. They are also a very good example of serious journalism which I understand as a type of informational and opinion-journalistic writing covering issues important for the readers in the global and local context, authenticated with the author’s authority and respecting communicational relationships. In the first part of the article, I discuss the course of the journalistic debate on journalistic standards, including opinions of editors-in-chief of the influential press. In the second part – I present an analysis of the contents of the selected texts of Rev. A. Boniecki. The comments published in Tygodnik Powszechny were mainly devoted to social issues where the teachings of the Church have a tremendous impact on human behaviour (e.g. sacraments for the divorced, abortion, in vitro), as well as to religious issues (ceremonies and celebrations connected with the liturgical year, political nature of sermons, decreasing number of vocations).
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Sławomir Czapnik

Zeszyty Prasoznawcze, Tom 60, Numer 4 (232), 2017, s. 760 - 778

https://doi.org/10.4467/22996362PZ.17.044.8186

Dangerous and biased: mass media in the Bronisław Łagowski’s thought

Bronisław Łagowski, conservative Polish historician and philosopher of ideas, offers quite interesting inquire into functioning of the mass media, especially commercial television. From his point of view television is as powerful as threating to democracy medium. Łagowski also describes Polish mass media, which are – in his opinion – highly biased, and ideologically saturated, he condemns radical anti-Russian skew. For this thinker, mass media ought to be controlled by the society, because they became first and most important estate.
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Marzena Barańska

Zeszyty Prasoznawcze, Tom 60, Numer 4 (232), 2017, s. 779 - 804

https://doi.org/10.4467/22996362PZ.17.045.8187

The role of self-promotion in the management of the television offer

In the second decade of the 21st century, the activity of business entities is not only related to the production or the provision of services, but marketing activities are becoming increasingly important. Reaching potential customers with information about the offer is important in the process of pursuing economic success. Often these types of projects are accompanied by, defined in the strategies of the development of the activity, appropriately selected methods and tools of their implementation. Comprehensive design facilitates implementation, both in terms of subject and subject matter, and thus is competitive with other commodities and services exchanges.
The management of a media company requires the use of mechanisms specific to other operators to achieve a net margin. Specificity of the object of the activity, i.e. the provision of audiovisual services, inter alia it commits to programming, informs about planned broadcasts to influence the audience’s choices.
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Maciej Stopa

Zeszyty Prasoznawcze, Tom 60, Numer 4 (232), 2017, s. 805 - 818

https://doi.org/10.4467/22996362PZ.17.046.8188

An analysis of Gazeta Wyborcza and Rzeczpospolita reports on the Ukrainian 2014 political upheaval

The aim of the paper is to analyse reports of Gazeta Wyborcza and Rzeczpospolita on the Ukrainian 2014 political upheaval according to cognitive and rhetoric methods. There are 197 articles analysed from eighteen releases of the newspapers from the days connected with the most important events of the whole process that took place in Ukraine. Texts have been analysed in a two-steps process: firstly, the whole material has been perused, and later, two pairs of texts describing the same facts in completely different ways have been analysed by following cognitive and rhetoric sciences’ tools: the Burke’s Pentad, the Karpman drama triangle, a reference point, and the others.
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Anna Dąbrowska

Zeszyty Prasoznawcze, Tom 60, Numer 4 (232), 2017, s. 819 - 844

https://doi.org/10.4467/22996362PZ.17.047.8189

Adolescents and self-improvement – in light of young readers’ letters to the editor in youth magazines: Cogito, Victor Gimnazjalista and Mały Gość Niedzielny

Contemporary adolescents are subjected to two opposing forces: consumer culture characterized by subordination and revolt against controlled activity. Youth fosters self-improvement, which requires intentional and conscious changes in behaviors and personalities conforming to accepted standards as well as an orientation toward faraway pro-social goals. Both are difficult. This article addresses the following questions: Are contemporary adolescents interested in self-improvement, and – if so – how do they express this interest? Answers come from the analysis of young readers’ letters to the editor in selected youth magazines. The results suggest that, despite the lack of the term “work on oneself” in the letters, young readers discuss three important types of activity: self-knowledge, self-improvement and self-education. In this way young people express their interest in self-improvement.
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Anna Jupowicz-Ginalska

Zeszyty Prasoznawcze, Tom 60, Numer 4 (232), 2017, s. 845 - 865

https://doi.org/10.4467/22996362PZ.17.048.8190

Empire brand as an example of media multiplatform – case study

In this article I present issues related to the condition of the contemporary press, referring to phenomena such as the media brand, media multiplatform and the adaptive model of traditional media. The subject of the research is the British brand Empire, which now consists of elements such as: printed magazine, e-magazine, website, podcasts, social media and events. I verify the following thesis: T1) Empire is an example of media multiplatform and, at the same time, is a modern media brand; T2) Empire is an example of how traditional media adapt to digital environment; T3) Empire is a practical reflection of the general trends in the publishing market.
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Maria Piwińska

Zeszyty Prasoznawcze, Tom 60, Numer 4 (232), 2017, s. 866 - 879

https://doi.org/10.4467/22996362PZ.17.049.8191

The study shows parody as a way of fulfi lling entertainment function in mass media. The way the parody operates in fi lm is presented on the basis of “High Anxiety” by Mel Brooks. By means of fi lm analysis the author indicates many levels on which parody can operate, such as: the choice of actors, creation of characters, special effects and other elements of fi lm language.

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Władysław Marek Kolasa

Zeszyty Prasoznawcze, Tom 60, Numer 4 (232), 2017, s. 880 - 903

https://doi.org/10.4467/22996362PZ.17.050.8192
The subject of the article is the history of Polish periodicals for children and adolescents in the first period of their development (1824–1830), i.e. from the date of the appearance of the first title until the outbreak of the November Uprising. The genesis, the history of publishing (creators, determinants and specifics) and content are discussed in the paper. The four most influential titles of the 6 journals appearing in the study period were discussed in greater detail: Rozrywki dla Dzieci (1824–1828), Tygodnik dla Dzieci (1829), Dziennik dla Dzieci (1830) and Skarbiec dla Dzieci (1830). The literature, sources and data obtained from the content analysis were used in the research. The research proves that during the period under review the social demand for such publications was growing, their model (from author’s writings, through editorial type, to periodicals of readers) and mission evolved. The peak achievement of this period was Stanisław Jachowicz’s Dziennik dla Dzieci, which was edited in line with the views of progressive educators. In the years 1824–1830, the language of the articles also fluctuated significantly and there were some thematic changes. In addition to the initially popular historical and moral texts, articles on natural history and works expressing the involvement of readers (letters, actions, competitions) were printed more frequently. The weakest feature of the first Polish periodicals for children was the poor use of illustrations. In most magazines they were rarely printed and used only for aesthetic purposes.
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Kamila Kamińska-Chełminiak

Zeszyty Prasoznawcze, Tom 60, Numer 4 (232), 2017, s. 904 - 921

https://doi.org/10.4467/22996362PZ.17.051.8193

“You are an apparatus designed to expose the enemy.” Polish censors in the 1940s

The aim of the article was to present the circumstances of the establishment and the scope of activities of the Central Office for Control of the Press, which was transformed into the Main Office for Control of the Press, Publications, and Public Performances in November 1945. The article is an attempt at answering the following questions: who were the first censors? From what communities/professional groups did they come? According to what criteria were the censors selected shortly after the founding of the Center? How did the so-called Soviet Glavlit advisors influence the process of the emergence of institutional censorship in the Polish territory during World War II? Under what circumstances was the Central Office for Control of the Press established?

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Barbara Bossak-Herbst, Wojciech Ogrodnik

Zeszyty Prasoznawcze, Tom 60, Numer 4 (232), 2017, s. 922 - 946

https://doi.org/10.4467/22996362PZ.17.052.8194

Press as an intervention instrument in the PPR. Case study of state horse racing tracks enterprise in the 1970’s and 1980’s

In Polish People’s Republic, in limited media freedom conditions, the horseracing journalists discourse radically stood out. For decades they acted as a spokespersons of Racetrack Służewiec racegoers and criticized the Horse Racetracks State Enterprise (Państwowe Tory Wyścigów Konnych) organisation and work over the seventies and eighties. The article discusses how the scale and grounds on which it was carried out as well forms of journalists interventions into this state company management. The main thesis of the paper is that constant press criticism of Horse Racetracks State Enterprise was tolerated by state authorities since it legitimized the symbolic marginalization of this form of entertainment and hazard within Polish People’s Republic society. Additionally it resulted out of the fear over reactions of racegoers community towards journalists repressions, which instead of decreasing, would emphasize the meaning of the horseraces to country’s economy and capital’s social life. The ambivalent position of the horseraces within communist state created conditions for the rise of social movement which, although apolitical, thorough democratic tools intended to partially change the social system of that times.
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Anna Łach

Zeszyty Prasoznawcze, Tom 60, Numer 4 (232), 2017, s. 947 - 963

https://doi.org/10.4467/22996362PZ.17.053.8195

Popularisation and creation – scientific domains in the press in 1975–2005

The article focuses on popularisation of science in the Polish press in years 1975, 1985, 1995 and 2005. The aim of the research was to identify scientific areas presented in the selected press titles and to show them in the form of ranking. The research material was provided by 34 press titles, and in their content there were distinguished 5410 texts dedicated to science. The method applied in the study was the content analysis. The outcomes of the research show that in the 70s and 80s of the 20th century the great majority of texts was dedicated to the humanities (especially to history) and the second and third rank belonged to life sciences. However, after the fall of communism in Poland, these proportions diverted rapidly. As a result, the first ranks were occupied by disciplines of medical and biological domains. It should be noted that humanistic disciplines were frequently used as an instrument of propaganda and their popularisation in the mass press served as a means of creating “a new socialistic society”. In this context, the sudden change of the popularised topics can be perceived as a liberation of the readers’ real interests.
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Kamil Łuczaj, Magdalena Hoły-Łuczaj

Zeszyty Prasoznawcze, Tom 60, Numer 4 (232), 2017, s. 964 - 984

https://doi.org/10.4467/22996362PZ.17.054.8196

Pokemon the demon? Analysis of online fear discourse related to “Pokemon GO” on the Polish Internet

This article presents an analysis of the discourse on “Pokemon GO” that gained unprecedented popularity in the second half of 2016. Thanks to the use of augmented reality, players began to travel the world in search of Pokemon, or pocket-monsters, known from Japanese anime movies. As the popularity of the game increased, in spite of enthusiastic opinions, critical voices appeared from various sides, ranging from rather liberal portals concerned mainly for the security of personal data, to the websites of Christian fundamentalists. The game was accused of corrupting youth and promoting magic, as well as exposing people to danger. We analyze the most popular arguments against the game, including security threats, the risk of inadequate behavior in places of remembrance and worship, as well as the health risks. The critical analysis allows us to demonstrate that the criticism of the game is rooted in strong metaphysical fear of the liminal sphere, as the game impairs the boundary between real and virtual. The “hate” expressed on analyzed websites is treated as an example of moral panic – a social phenomenon diagnosed by Jock Young in the 1970s.
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Julia Piotrowska

Zeszyty Prasoznawcze, Tom 60, Numer 4 (232), 2017, s. 985 - 1000

https://doi.org/10.4467/22996362PZ.17.055.8197

A specialist, a teacher or a tyrant? Case study of Magda Gessler’s character on “Kitchen Nightmares”

An article presents types of roles that Magda Gessler plays while being a host of TV makeover show “Kitchen Nightmares”. There are several types, such as: authority, specialist, tutor, tyrant and many more. The issues are considered in the media studies perspective, as well as in other point of views, such as psychology, education studies and sociology. The analysis in this article is a result of watching five different episodes of the programme during ten seasons of programme release. All of the conclusions were made based on quotes in this several episodes.
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Zeszyty Prasoznawcze, Tom 60, Numer 4 (232), 2017, s. 1001 - 1019

  • Artur Nowakowski: Fanzin SF. Artyści, wydawcy, fandom (Mateusz Flont)
  • Wojciech Kajtoch: Szkice językoznawczo-prasoznawcze (Olga Białek-Szwed)
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Zeszyty Prasoznawcze, Tom 60, Numer 4 (232), 2017, s. 1008 - 1019

  • Pogrzeb prof. zw. dr. hab. Walerego Pisarka (ur. 31.05.1931 – zm. 5.11.2017) (Mateusz
    Flont)
  • Sprawozdanie z konferencji „Media o wsi. Media na wsi”. Warszawa, 2 czerwca 2017 (Magdalena Przybysz-Stawska)
  • Z Rocznika Historii Prasy Polskiej. Rocznik Historii Prasy Polskiej 2014, nr 3 (35), nr 4 (36) (Adam Bańdo)
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Słowa kluczowe: modality, multimodality, audiovisuality, projection, error, communication, journalism, management, stylistics, medialinguistics, modern journalistic expression, syntax of the press texts, segmentation, subphraseing, opinion journalism, Tygodnik Powszechny, serious journalism, public opinion, television, violence, bias, mass media theory, Bronisław Łagowski, self-promotion, media management, information architecture, program, Euromaidan, Ukraine, Gazeta Wyborcza, Rzeczpospolita, adolescents, self-improvement, self-education, youth magazines, letters, Empire, media multiplatform, media brand, Internet, adaptive model, parody, comedy, entertainment, use of mass communication, Mel Brooks, “High Anxiety”, Alfred Hitchcock, press for children, 19th century, history, Central Offi ce of Press Control, Main Control Offi ce of Press, Publication and Performances, Glavlit, censorship in PRL Celem, Polish People’s Republic, horseracing press, racegoers audience, intervention, social movement, Horse Racetracks State Enterprise, content analysis, life-long learning, popularisation of science, press, scientific domains, Pokemon, media discourse, CDA, technoscepticism, Magda Gessler, “Kitchen Nightmares”, TV studies, media studies, TV character, roles, makeover show