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Psychologia Rozwojowa

logotyp Uniwersytetu Jagiellońskiego

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np. 1234-6789
np. 10.4467/16890027AP.16.022.6009
np. Uniwersytet Jagielloński

Tom 19, Numer 2

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2014 Następne

Data publikacji: 25.09.2014

Licencja: Żadna

Redakcja

Redaktor numeru Michał Grygielski

Zawartość numeru

Andrzej Łukasik, Jan Rybak, Magdalena Marzec

Psychologia Rozwojowa, Tom 19, Numer 2, 2014, s. 9 - 21

https://doi.org/10.4467/20843879PR.14.008.2286
Cooperative breeding (CB) can be defined as a reproductive system in which individuals other than the mother (allomothers) deliver routine care. Among primates, the strongest reliance on allomaternal care is found in callitrichids and humans. The cooperative breeding system requires the support of special motivational and cognitive processes, including increased social tolerance or attentional bias toward monitoring motivations and behaviors of others. Allomaternal care can explain the spectacular increase in brain size in the hominin lineage (the expensive brain hypothesis). This phenomenon can also account for both the emergence of menopause long before women’s death and the longevity gender gap. Moreover, the theory in question can account for impressive cognitive abilities of our species. Some issues in the field of developmental psychology have been discussed from the perspective of the CB theory.
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Barbara Harwas-Napierała

Psychologia Rozwojowa, Tom 19, Numer 2, 2014, s. 23 - 32

https://doi.org/10.4467/20843879PR.14.009.2287
The paper addresses, some problems concerning contemporary threats to human development in adulthood. With a reference to the R.J. Havighurst concept, the threats were examined from the perspective of the possibilities to fulfill developmental tasks in the period of adulthood. The phenomena creating a general context of the threats (among others social transformation or changes in the understanding of autonomy) as well as those that disturb the fulfillment of vital developmental tasks especially with regard to family and occupation (e.g. egocentrization and infantilization of adults, the disappearance of generativity) were scrutinized. Possibilities of preventing the phenomena endangering individual development were also presented.
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Martyna Olbromska, Adam Putko

Psychologia Rozwojowa, Tom 19, Numer 2, 2014, s. 33 - 48

https://doi.org/10.4467/20843879PR.14.010.2288
Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder is not only associated with executive dysfunction but also – according to the research results – with an impairment of social cognition. This paper is a review of research on social cognition in children with ADHD that focuses on two groups of abilities: the cognitive and the perceptual component of theory of mind, according to the view developed by Tager-Flusberg and Sullivan (2000). The results have shown no deficit or only a minor impairment in the cognitive component of theory of mind, at least in the studies using traditional measures of theory of mind. In contrast, the studies on the recognition of emotions in children with ADHD have shown a clear impairment in the perceptual component. In the conclusion, possible explanations for the deficits of social cognition in children with ADHD have been pointed out, including those associating them with executive dysfunction. Attention has also been drawn to the fact that the occurrence of ADHD types could be a possible factor responsible for the diversity of the research results.
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Jan Rostowski, Teresa Rostowska

Psychologia Rozwojowa, Tom 19, Numer 2, 2014, s. 49 - 65

https://doi.org/10.4467/20843879PR.14.011.2289
The aim of the article is to present information – based on a review of the literature – concerning the mirror-neuron systems (MNS). In particular, the article is to describe the role of mirror neurons in the development and functioning of language, both in the verbal and the non-verbal form of interpersonal communication. The aim of the present work is to stress the role of MNS in the process of the formation of language brain structures, first in prenatal stage and then in postnatal life. Functions of MNS activity in non-verbal interpersonal communication in such processes as imitation, intuition, empathy, processes of theories of mind (ToM), mentalisation, and intersubjectivity are discussed in greater detail.
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Raporty z badań

Monika Marszał

Psychologia Rozwojowa, Tom 19, Numer 2, 2014, s. 69 - 82

https://doi.org/10.4467/20843879PR.14.012.2290
It is accepted that an insecure attachment style is characteristic of borderline personality organization (BPO). The attachment system is not, however, a simple, unified structure; Bowlby (1969) was the first to notice that the internal working models of attachment remain specific to each subsequent relationship with different attachment figures despite the fact that they are based on the experience of the early childhood mother-child relationship. Based on this assumption, the study was designed to assess the differences in the hierarchical structure of attachment representations in a non-clinical sample of borderline individuals (n = 140) and a control group (n = 140). The Experiences in Close Relationships-Relationship Structures (ECR-RS) was used to assess attachment patterns in a variety of close relationships. Significant differences between the BPO and the control group were observed concerning the level of attachment avoidance and anxiety, and in the structure of the attachment figures’ representations.
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Aleksandra Peplińska, Piotr Połomski, Iwona Pogorzelska

Psychologia Rozwojowa, Tom 19, Numer 2, 2014, s. 83 - 102

https://doi.org/10.4467/20843879PR.14.013.2291
The aim of this study was to examine the relationship between parental attitudes and occupational preferences of adolescents according to A. Roe’s theory. It was hypothesized that there is a close correlation between the emotional aspect of parental attitudes and the shaping of job preferences in adolescents directed to people or to things. A significant relation between parent’s and child’s gender was also predicted. The research was conducted in 2012 and 2013, and it included a total of 314 individuals – students of the last year of high school and technical school, as well as first-year students of Tricity’s public and private universities, both women and men. Two psychometric tools were used: A Parent-Child Relation Questionnaire by A. Roe and M. Siegelman (translated by W.S. Kowalski) and A Multidimensional Preferences Questionnaire by A. Matczak, A. Jaworowski, A. Ciechanowicz, E. Zalewska and J. Stańcza, which measured professional interests. On the basis of the results, it can be assumed that parental attitudes together with the quality of emotional relations between parents and children are closely connected to specific professional preferences which, at the same time, differ depending on child’s and parent’s gender.
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Monika Wysota, Aleksandra Pilarska, Katarzyna Adamczyk

Psychologia Rozwojowa, Tom 19, Numer 2, 2014, s. 103 - 120

https://doi.org/10.4467/20843879PR.14.014.2292
Previous studies on the impact of family factors on the identity formation process have focused on various aspects of family environment such as parental behavior (Romano, 2004), parental control (Luyckx et al., 2007), parental support and the quality of relationships between adolescents and their parents (Liberska, 2004), and the level of development of parents’ identity (Syed, Seiffge-Krenke, 2012). The aim of this study was to examine the relationship between identity processes and dimensions of family functioning (i.e. cohesion, flexibility, and communication) in the perception of adolescents and young adults. The sample consisted of 119 high school and university students (72 women and 47 men) who completed the Polish versions of Flexibility and Cohesion Evaluation Scales (FACES IV; Olson, 2011), and Dimensions of Identity Development Scale (DIDS; Luyckx et al., 2008). The correlation analysis and ANOVA test showed that different levels and different configurations of family environment characteristics are associated with identity formation processes in young people. The results also suggest that the observed relationship between different aspects of family functioning and identity dimensions changes with sex. At the same time, the obtained pattern of correlations in the current study was less systematic than it was expected on the basis of literature, and the directions of these correlations were not always congruent with predictions.
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Sprawozdania i recenzje

Iwona Sikorska

Psychologia Rozwojowa, Tom 19, Numer 2, 2014, s. 123 - 126

Recenzja:

Liselotte Ahnert (2010), Wieviel Mutter braucht ein Kind? Bindung-Bildung-Betreuung: oeffentlich und privat. Heidelberg: Spektrum, Akademischer Verlag

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Karolina Byczewska-Konieczny, Magdalena Kosno, Małgorzata Stępień-Nycz

Psychologia Rozwojowa, Tom 19, Numer 2, 2014, s. 127 - 131

Sprawozdanie:

XVI Europejska Konferencja Psychologii Rozwojowej, Lozanna, Szwajcaria, 3–7 września 2013 roku

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