Issue 48 – Czułość w przekładzie

2024

Publication date: 04.12.2024

Description

The publication of this volume was financed by the Jagiellonian University in Kraków – Faculty of Polish Studies.

Cover design: Paweł Noszkiewicz

Cover photo: Ewa Henry-Dawson

Licence: CC BY

Editorial team

Editors of Issue 48 Tamara Brzostowska-Tereszkiewicz, Ewa Rajewska

Editor-in-Chief Magda Heydel

Issue content

W(y)czucie tłumaczy

Tamara Brzostowska-Tereszkiewicz, Ewa Rajewska

Przekładaniec, Issue 48 – Czułość w przekładzie, 2024, pp. 7 - 27

https://doi.org/10.4467/16891864PC.24.001.20375

This article aims to present various meanings of “tenderness” in translation studies from historical, contemporary, and prospective perspectives, and to forecast future research trends. The authors explore both the poetics of artistic translation and the broad field of translation psychology, which has expanded since James S. Holmes to include psychoanalytic and cognitive findings. Translators’ tenderness is seen as a resultant of individual communicative and cognitive skills, perceptive readiness to the interlingual and intercultural experience, attention habits, and ethical principles.

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Czułość tłumacza / czułość poety. „Wyczucie translatorskie” w refleksjach polskich poetów emigracyjnej grupy „Kontynenty”

Arkadiusz Luboń

Przekładaniec, Issue 48 – Czułość w przekładzie, 2024, pp. 28 - 46

https://doi.org/10.4467/16891864PC.24.002.20376

The article aims to discuss the idea of “czułość” in poetry translations. Since the polysemic Polish word “czułość” denotes several different concepts ‒ “tenderness” in particular, but also “sensitivity”, “sense”, “intuition”, “fondness” or “responsivity” – it is frequently used in the deliberations of Polish translators discussing a variety of issues related to interlinguistic transfer of literary works. The article focuses on remarks provided by the émigré writers associated with the London “Kontynenty” group (Andrzej Busza, Bogdan Czaykowski, Adam Czerniawski, Jan Darowski, Janusz Artur Ihnatowicz, Zygmunt Ławrynowicz, Florian Śmieja, Bolesław Taborski, Gustaw Radwański and, to a lesser extent, Jerzy Pietrkiewicz). They refer to the idea mainly to analyse four aspects of poetry translation: “empathy” between translator and author of the original, “aptitude” for writing poetry, extraordinary linguistic “competence” in both source and target languages, and, last but not least, the in-depth knowledge of literary history that increases the “sensitized” translator’s awareness of intertextual and stylistic links between the translated text and literary canon.

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Czułe membrany. Przekodowania terminologiczne jako problem translatorski

Anna Leśniewska

Przekładaniec, Issue 48 – Czułość w przekładzie, 2024, pp. 47 - 63

https://doi.org/10.4467/16891864PC.24.003.20377

The purpose of this article is to present the use of Juri Lotman’s semiotic tools to reflect on the process of translating scientific texts. The article focuses on a text of a special type – an ethnographic material by Eugeniusz Frankowski (1884–1962), a Polish ethnologist of the interwar period. The outbreak of World War I found him in Spain – during his time, he wrote several texts in Spanish, Portuguese and Basque, including the work La lucha entre el hombre y los espíritus malos por la posesión de la tierra y su usufructo (translated by the author into Polish as “Zmagania człowieka ze złymi duchami o posiadanie ziemi i jej użytkowanie”). Research fluctuations (both terminological and methodological) are evident in the very “texture” of the text, so translating La lucha… into Polish required sensitivity to the mechanisms occurring at the confluence of biographical and textual levels. Using semiotic tools, the author reveals a series of research, textual, and methodological uncertainties for the researcher, resulting from the need to use different scientific languages (Polish, Spanish, French, German, etc.) to describe the newly explored terrain. This is because the awareness of the existence of these uncertainties sensitizes the very work of the translator, who is both an archaeologist, fleshing out successive levels of meaning, and a creator, co-thinking with Lotman’s notion of text as a “generator of meanings”.

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Czułość wobec tłumaczy. Trado autorstwa Atheny Farrokhzad, Svetlany Cârstean, Justyny Czechowskiej i Joanny Kornaś-Warwas

Maria Skoczyńska

Przekładaniec, Issue 48 – Czułość w przekładzie, 2024, pp. 64 - 84

https://doi.org/10.4467/16891864PC.24.004.20378

Athena Farrokhzad and Svetlana Cârstean’s unusual translation experiment, translated by Justyna Czechowska and Joanna Kornaś-Warwas, takes a unique place in the light of translation studies, showing the position of the translator anew through a poetic dialogue that transcends language and culture. It is an attitude not only of tenderness towards or empathy with language, but – perhaps above all – of tenderness towards the translator. It is also a play between female poets-translators-representatives of different cultures with theorists and critics of translation. This dialogue simultaneously undermines translation in its classical sense – the two poets translate each other without knowing the other’s language, and two Polish female translators translate this into Polish. The article looks at how this intertextual acrobatics challenges established divisions of intertextuality, blurring the boundaries of what is translation and what is the translator’s affect and affect towards the translator. It also draws attention to the relevance of the blurring of boundaries between authors – female lyrical persona-translators, and urges a new, responsive approach towards translators and their works - proposing new models and definitions of translation in the form of a tender translation manifesto based on a sisterhood.

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„Przekładać bez cishetowania” – o dylematach tłumaczy literatury queerowej

Kinga Matuszko

Przekładaniec, Issue 48 – Czułość w przekładzie, 2024, pp. 85 - 99

https://doi.org/10.4467/16891864PC.24.005.20379

According to Elżbieta Tabakowska, it is the duty of translators to empathize not only with the authors of the translated texts, but also with their heroes and recipients. This statement is correct especially in the perspective of contemporary cultural and socio-political conditions reflected in the texts of culture, and thus – in translation. It is confirmed by interviews with translators, in which they indicate how important the ongoing social changes are for them, the effects of which they must include in translations, which is not necessarily allowed by the specificity of the Polish language – in other words, they emphasize a certain “lack” in it. This “lack” – or rather sensitivity to its existence – can be considered in the context of tenderness, which is particularly important in the practice of feminist and queer translations, focused on giving voice to those who have been deprived of it for many years. There is also an ideological element here – “tenderness” understood in this way would be conditioned by transferring one’s own perspective into the text – e.g., resulting from the ease of identification of the translator with the characters. The aim of the article is an attempt to indicate why translators want to compensate for this „lack” and how they do it. Contemporary novels are the subject of reflection – The Many Half- Lived Lives of Sam Sylvester by Maya MacGregor, I Wish You All The Best by Mason Deaver, Detransition, Baby by Torrey Peters – and the reportage Girl, Woman, Other by Bernardine Evaristo and their Polish translations belonging to the so-called queer literature, in which one can observe various ways of showing compassion, giving voice to heroes and narrators by translators, influencing the possibility of self-identification. An important context for my considerations are conversations with translators – Aga Zano and Artur Łuksza.

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Najintymniejsze czytanie jako alternatywa dla egzotyzacji w przekładzie tekstu orientalnego

Karolina Rakowiecka-Asgari

Przekładaniec, Issue 48 – Czułość w przekładzie, 2024, pp. 100 - 121

https://doi.org/10.4467/16891864PC.24.006.20380

The article examines strategies for translating the widely acclaimed Persian novel Shāzde Ehtejāb (Prince Ehtejāb) by Hushang Golshiri into Polish. Pointing to the widespread tendency in Polish translation tradition from Oriental languages towards exoticization and artificial preservation of original syntax, termed by researchers as “the sin of literality”, the author explores the possibilities of a translation based on the concept of “the most intimate act of reading” (Spivak) and the search for means to achieve emotional equivalence and an empathetic engagement with the text.

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Czułość piastunki. Jakie emocje wyraża Kilissa z Orestei Ajschylosa w polskich przekładach – i co z tego wynika?

Barbara Bibik

Przekładaniec, Issue 48 – Czułość w przekładzie, 2024, pp. 122 - 149

https://doi.org/10.4467/16891864PC.24.007.20381

Oresteia by Aeschylus is the only extant trilogy from ancient times. In the second part of the trilogy, in Choephorae, there is a scene, when – after having received a message about the alleged death of Orestes, the only son of Clytemnestra, the queen of Argos, and her husband, Agamemnon, whom she had murdered in the first part of the trilogy – Cilissa, the Orestes’s nurse, appears in front of the palace. The scene (epeisodion), although quite short, is an extraordinary and important one. Firstly, it impacts the further action and influences the denouement of the Choephorae (it means the avenging Agamemnon’s murder). Secondly, it raises doubts mainly about the motherhood of Clytemnestra and her feelings towards her son. In this tragedy of revenge, Cilissa sounds emotional and tender. And it is particularly this aspect of tenderness and emotions on which I would like to take a threefold look concerning: linguistics (the original Greek, but mainly Polish translations with the subjectivity, creative, and active role of the translators in the process of translating taken into account), imagery (in the perspective of the cognitive linguistics approach), and interpretation (Polish translations were given in different times, starting from the 19th century, and the way Polish translators rendered relations between the play’s characters slightly differs, which influences the readers or spectators’ reception of the trilogy).

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Reviews

Tłumaczka, przypis, los. Sara – Irena – Elżbieta Elżbiety Tabakowskiej

Katarzyna Kuczyńska-Koschany

Przekładaniec, Issue 48 – Czułość w przekładzie, 2024, pp. 153 - 164

https://doi.org/10.4467/16891864PC.24.008.20382

The piece is a discussion on roles of a translator and a reader, based on Elżbieta Tabakowska’s book titled Sara – Irena – Elżbieta (2020). Irena Powell’s book, Córka, która sprzedała matkę. Wspomnienia rodzinne (2020), polonized by Tabakowska, remains the main point of reference. The object of contemplation is the encounter of two identities: the translator and the author of the translated book.

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Widoczność i marginalizacja – polskie tłumaczki literackie XIX wieku

Markus Eberharter

Przekładaniec, Issue 48 – Czułość w przekładzie, 2024, pp. 165 - 172

https://doi.org/10.4467/16891864PC.24.009.20607

[Karolina Dębska: Polskie tłumaczki literackie XIX wieku, Wydawnictwo Scholar: Warszawa 2023 (685 s.)]
The review presents Karolina Debska’s 2023 study about Polish women literary translators, in which she examines the fates of mostly invisible women translators in the 19th century from an individual and collective perspective. The innovative contribution to sociological and biographical translation research made by the author is emphasised, as is the extensive source analysis that serves as the basis for the study. The author is convinced that Debska‘s study is a productive addition to modern translation research and makes an important contribution to its further methodological development.

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Editorial Pages PDF Contents PDF About Authors PDF

Słowa kluczowe: literary translation, tenderness, poetics of translation, somatics of translation, cognitive translation studies, poetry translation, translation theory, “Kontynenty” group, translator’s tenderness/sensitivity, Eugeniusz Frankowski, semiotics, ethnography, magical thought, translation studies, poetry, Trado, Athena Farrokhzad, Svetlana Cârstean, translation, non-binary, queer literature, transgender, Persian novel in translation, Oriental text in translation, translation as reading, empathy in translation, Oresteia, Choephorae, Aeschylus, translation, cognitive linguistics, translator as a reader, Irena Powell, Elżbieta Tabakowska, the craft of translation, interpersonal relationships, auto-identification in comparison to parallel, Karolina Dębska, literary translation (19th century), women translators, translation sociology, translator studies, collective biographies

Funding information

The publication of this volume was financed by the Jagiellonian University in Kraków – Faculty of Polish Studies.