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Budownictwo Zeszyt 1-B (5) 2014

2014 Następne

Data publikacji: 06.06.2014

Licencja: Żadna

Redakcja

Redaktor naczelny Józef Gawlik

Zawartość numeru

Małgorzata Lelusz

Czasopismo Techniczne, Budownictwo Zeszyt 1-B (5) 2014, 2014, s. 5-11

https://doi.org/10.4467/2353737XCT.14.077.2527

Cement concrete is one of the most versatile building materials ever created. More and more often, microfibers and polymer or carbon nanofibers are added to concrete mix, causing beneficial changes in material properties. Nanotechnology, has only recently found its way into practical building applications and building materials, including concrete. The technological guidelines for the preparation of cement composites containing carbon nanoparticles are presented in the paper. The results of laboratory research concerning the impact of carbon nanotubes on the compressive strength of cement mortar is also discussed in this work.

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Sanita Rubene, Martins Vilnitis

Czasopismo Techniczne, Budownictwo Zeszyt 1-B (5) 2014, 2014, s. 13-19

https://doi.org/10.4467/2353737XCT.14.078.2528

The paper is a comparison between destructive and non destructive testing methods of site concrete structures through a series of tests using a rebound hammer and concrete cube destructive testing in the laboratory.

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Jacek Gołaszewski, Grzegorz Cygan, Michał Drewniok

Czasopismo Techniczne, Budownictwo Zeszyt 1-B (5) 2014, 2014, s. 21-28

https://doi.org/10.4467/2353737XCT.14.079.2529

This paper presents methods of measurement and results of rheological properties including the thixitropic stiffening of designed cement mortars. The aim of the study is to determine the effect of the type of cement, w/c ratio, and chemical admixtures on the selected rheological properties of mortars. It will allow a better understanding of the nature of previously observed decreasing formwork pressure when using self-compacting concrete.

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Jacek Gołaszewski, Grzegorz Cygan, Michał Drewniok

Czasopismo Techniczne, Budownictwo Zeszyt 1-B (5) 2014, 2014, s. 29-37

https://doi.org/10.4467/2353737XCT.14.080.2530

The paper presents proposed methods for designing the composition of mortars, which can be useful when designing concrete. To design a mortar, with properties which will correspond to the concrete, it is necessary to define the appropriate correction of the mortar composition. Research is the next step in proposing a method to determine the composition of the mortar, which in a possitive way will describe the properties of concrete, in particular self-compacting concrete.

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Iga Jasińska

Czasopismo Techniczne, Budownictwo Zeszyt 1-B (5) 2014, 2014, s. 39-45

https://doi.org/10.4467/2353737XCT.14.081.2531

This paper describes a proposal for the modification of traditional sand-lime products using the granulate of foamed glass and lithium polysilicate. These fillers are intended to reduce gross density in a dry state and retain the highest possible compressive strength of the obtained material in comparison to the starting material. Basic functional property tests were thus performed on blocks made from the terminal material, i.e. compressive strength, gross density in the dry state, water absorption. The results of this research are discussed and presented in tabular and graphic form of this paper.

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Milena Nowek

Czasopismo Techniczne, Budownictwo Zeszyt 1-B (5) 2014, 2014, s. 47-54

https://doi.org/10.4467/2353737XCT.14.082.2532

This paper summarizes the impact of various types of recycled polymers on the basic properties of silicate products. The results of compressive strength test, water absorption and bulk density as well as the structure of the material were analyzed.

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Jacek Gołaszewski, Grzegorz Cygan, Michał Drewniok

Czasopismo Techniczne, Budownictwo Zeszyt 1-B (5) 2014, 2014, s. 55-64

https://doi.org/10.4467/2353737XCT.14.083.2533

This paper presents methods of measurement and results of rheological properties including thixitropic stiffening of designed cement mortars. The aim of the study is to determine the temperature rheological properties of selected mortars. It will help the industry to better understand and describe the nature of the previously observed decreasing formwork pressure using self-compacting concrete.

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Anna Stepien

Czasopismo Techniczne, Budownictwo Zeszyt 1-B (5) 2014, 2014, s. 65-72

https://doi.org/10.4467/2353737XCT.14.084.2534

As the term „lithium nanotechnology” has become widely known, the application of lithium compounds in the construction industry has grown in popularity. The insertion of lithium silicate into silicate paste enhances the strength of the final product through the reduction of free spaces in the modified silicate structure. In consequence, the silicate paste gets denser as its macro-and microstructural properties improve, since lithium silicate has a beneficial effect both on the chemical reaction with silica and on its rate.

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Krzysztof Zima

Czasopismo Techniczne, Budownictwo Zeszyt 1-B (5) 2014, 2014, s. 75-83

https://doi.org/10.4467/2353737XCT.14.085.2535

The occurrence of differences between the employer’s estimate and the bid quotation is widespread and difficult to avoid. The differences between the investor’s and contractor’s calculations are often quite significant. This article analyses the differences between the value of the contract and the bid submitted for construction work carried out on a multi-storey buildings in 2013. An attempt was also made to analyse the reasons for such differences, providing possible ways to solve the problem.

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Robert Bucoń

Czasopismo Techniczne, Budownictwo Zeszyt 1-B (5) 2014, 2014, s. 85-93

https://doi.org/10.4467/2353737XCT.14.086.2536

In the article a method was presented that allows determining a range of necessary repairs in a building in order to increase its utility standards and settle the order of repair performance. The proposed approach consists of four computational stages. To solve them it was necessary to use suitable techniques and computational methods, i.a. linguistic assessments to assess a building and proposed repairs, quasi-fuzzy scalling method while determining the validity of operating demands and criteria assessment and the TOPSIS method for choosing the most favourable repair range for a building.

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Agata Czarnigowska

Czasopismo Techniczne, Budownictwo Zeszyt 1-B (5) 2014, 2014, s. 95-103

https://doi.org/10.4467/2353737XCT.14.087.2537

The paper investigates the so-called “simplified methods” of construction cost estimating: from the simplest single-rate estimates to complex elemental and feature-based cost analysis. Method databases of recorded or calculated unit rates and a wide choice of data manipulation techniques, such as intuitive or mathematically supported case-based reasoning, statistical inference and non-parametric modeling are looked at. The consequences of using input from real-life projects and uniform purpose-made calculations (such as those published in Polish pricebooks) are also analyzed.

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Hubert Anysz, Andrzej Foremny, Janusz Kulejewski

Czasopismo Techniczne, Budownictwo Zeszyt 1-B (5) 2014, 2014, s. 105-118

https://doi.org/10.4467/2353737XCT.14.088.2538

There are two types of collusion which can harm Clients. This paper proposes two methods of detecting collusion’s and estimation a clients’ potential losses. The first is based on officially recommended factors for collusion detecting. The second one utilizes MLP artificial neural networks. Results are compared and discussed.

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Anna Borowiec

Czasopismo Techniczne, Budownictwo Zeszyt 1-B (5) 2014, 2014, s. 119-127

https://doi.org/10.4467/2353737XCT.14.089.2539

This paper discusses how new or alternative methods of design influences the cost of foundations and thus the investment. The paper also looks at the introduction of a new standard in geotechnical design – Eurocode 7, which took place in 2010. In order to illustrate problems associated with foundation spread, calculations are carried out for old polish and new European standards. To give some quantitative measurements of cost-effectiveness, the index of loadcapacity (LCU) is used to help define the economical index.

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Agnieszka Leśniak

Czasopismo Techniczne, Budownictwo Zeszyt 1-B (5) 2014, 2014, s. 129-136

https://doi.org/10.4467/2353737XCT.14.090.2540

The planned hospital partition walls need to meet the requirements for spaces used to provide medical services specified in the relevant regulations and laws. A wide range of materials which meet these requirements are available in the construction market. During the design stage it is worth making a comparison of different solutions for the walls, analysing the cost, time taken to install and quality. This paper presents and attempts to assess three variants of partition walls for operating theatre spaces.

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Marcin Gajzler

Czasopismo Techniczne, Budownictwo Zeszyt 1-B (5) 2014, 2014, s. 137-144

https://doi.org/10.4467/2353737XCT.14.091.2541

A presentation of knowledge sources in the construction industry studied amounting to several years of experience. Knowledge is an indispensable element of engineering activity. Its characteristics, like the characteristics of the construction industry, require frequent updating of knowledge, and the knowledge itself is often hidden and not accessible directly. In a certain way, this justifies building knowledge-based support systems as tools for faster, more efficient and prompt functioning in the engineering business. Apart from characteristics of knowledge sources, the article presents the sometimes critical overview of methods for acquiring and further processing such knowledge. The usefulness of knowledge acquisition methods tested by the author largely depend on the source itself, as well as the form and content of this knowledge.

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Bożena Hoła, Marek Sawicki

Czasopismo Techniczne, Budownictwo Zeszyt 1-B (5) 2014, 2014, s. 145-152

https://doi.org/10.4467/2353737XCT.14.092.2542

A good level of knowledge is required in order to carry out construction processes in the correct way. The knowledge is acquired from publications, documents, legal regulations, standards, but mainly from construction projects carried out. This knowledge also resides in the employees’ minds. The recording, storing and processing of knowledge for the purpose of drawing inferences about future projects may aid management processes to a considerable degree. The “Knowledge Map” can be used as a tool supporting decision making on the basis of the accumulated knowledge. The paper presents benefits which stem from the use of the proposed Knowledge Map in a building enterprise.

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Elżbieta Radziszewska-Zielina, Grzegorz Śladowski

Czasopismo Techniczne, Budownictwo Zeszyt 1-B (5) 2014, 2014, s. 153-164

https://doi.org/10.4467/2353737XCT.14.093.2543

Sustainable development is a method of resource management, the effect of which not only meet the needs of the present but also of future generations. Historical monuments as part of national heritage are a resource, which is protected not only in the sense of its cultural value but also has a potential for the creation of socio-economic values. The process of extending the life cycle of a historic building is associated primarily with the analysis of the options for its conversion in the light of various criteria, many of which have a fuzzy character. The aim of the paper regards the proper selection and also description of the criteria for assessing conversion options for historic buildings in the context of sustainable development.

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Magdalena Apollo, Justyna Brzezicka

Czasopismo Techniczne, Budownictwo Zeszyt 1-B (5) 2014, 2014, s. 167-174

https://doi.org/10.4467/2353737XCT.14.094.2544

This paper looks at multidimensional risk analysis of urban regeneration projects, used to identify areas of its occurrence. The authors thoroughly analyze the sources of potential threats and attempt to answer the question: What is their contribution into overall urban regeneration’ investment risk? The target concept will be used to assess the level of investment risk at the stage of initiation, preparation and planning of urban regeneration projects, which will be used to improve the risk management process.

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Nabi Ibadov, Janusz Kulejewski

Czasopismo Techniczne, Budownictwo Zeszyt 1-B (5) 2014, 2014, s. 175-182

https://doi.org/10.4467/2353737XCT.14.095.2545

This paper presents the results of a questionnaire survey conducted by the authors to identify the risk factors affecting construction projects in Poland. The elements of the fuzzy sets theory are applied to rank the risk factors due to their degree of significance and to evaluate the threat to the construction project caused by a given risk.

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Jakub Piasny

Czasopismo Techniczne, Budownictwo Zeszyt 1-B (5) 2014, 2014, s. 183-193

https://doi.org/10.4467/2353737XCT.14.096.2546

To rationally prevent defects, you must first have knowledge of the defects, their causes and the associated costs. A key objective of the research presented is to attempt to demonstrate the application of various methods used in production engineering, in the context of today’s economy requirements and transfer knowledge gained from previously completed projects, with the aim of increasing the quality multifamily housing. A study of faults and subcontractors was carried out for the period 2006/2013. Eight construction projects with a total usable area of approximately 117,000.0 square meters and 1,524 apartments were studied. This is one of the first studies, for this period, carried out based on multifamily building projects in Poland.

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Tadeusz Majcherczyk, Zbigniew Niedbalski

Czasopismo Techniczne, Budownictwo Zeszyt 1-B (5) 2014, 2014, s. 195-202

https://doi.org/10.4467/2353737XCT.14.097.2547

This paper presents a number of factors which influence the design and construction of a geotechnical structure, i.e. a road tunnel. For this type of structure, it is necessary to thoroughly examine the geological conditions and the properties of the rock mass. Research carried out on the basis of drilling gives only local results, which consequently only provides an estimated description of the characteristics and properties of the rock mass.

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Dariusz Skorupka, Artur Duchaczek

Czasopismo Techniczne, Budownictwo Zeszyt 1-B (5) 2014, 2014, s. 203-209

https://doi.org/10.4467/2353737XCT.14.098.2548

The paper contains a specification of the notions of risk, transport infrastructure and crisis situation. The study also presents selected methods of identification of risks to transport infrastructure facilities, based on the example of a bridge facility.

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Tadeusz Kasprowicz

Czasopismo Techniczne, Budownictwo Zeszyt 1-B (5) 2014, 2014, s. 211-219

https://doi.org/10.4467/2353737XCT.14.099.2549

Construction works need to be implemented in accordance with design documentation, technical and performance specifications as well as being carried out safely, on time and within budget. There are however various events, which can occur during the process of implementation, some as a consequence of the natural environment, others occupational, which can either disrupt the execution of and/or have a negative effect on the result of works. In such situations, the duration of works may be prolonged and thus the costs of a particular task may increase beyond the planned budget. A series of such events may lead to the final deadline and the total cost of works completion being greater than that which had been fixed in the contract. However, assuming the parameters of the PERT-beta probability distribution and three-point estimation method, it is possible to estimate and thus plan for two kinds of risks to works. The first is the risk to the deadline of works, and the second is the risk to the cost of works. Changes in risks are presented using charts of risks. These charts describe possible changes in the interval of risks [0, 1] depending on a series of increasing values of deadlines and costs affecting works completion.

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Mariusz Rejment, Agnieszka Dziadosz

Czasopismo Techniczne, Budownictwo Zeszyt 1-B (5) 2014, 2014, s. 221-228

https://doi.org/10.4467/2353737XCT.14.100.2550

The complexity and need for a comprehensive approach to construction projects programming helps in researching the different methods of the risk estimation for construction projects. The risk estimation, carried out at the planning stage, not only enables rational investment but also the rational project management during construction. The paper concentrates on the possibility of applying the multi-criteria analysis for the selection of construction projects taking the risks into account.

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Magdalena Iżykowska-Kujawa

Czasopismo Techniczne, Budownictwo Zeszyt 1-B (5) 2014, 2014, s. 231-238

https://doi.org/10.4467/2353737XCT.14.101.2551

This paper presents the process of the development of methodologies for assessing the state of safety on construction sites. An analysis was conducted to calculate the number and causes of accidents in the construction sector over the last few years, and the main groups of factors affecting the state of occupation safety have also been defined.

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Bożena Hoła, Mariusz Szóstak

Czasopismo Techniczne, Budownictwo Zeszyt 1-B (5) 2014, 2014, s. 239-246

https://doi.org/10.4467/2353737XCT.14.102.2552

The construction industry is characterized by a high level of hazards to the life and health of employees and by a high accident rate. Knowledge relating to the course of the accident process plays a major role in work safety assessment and in accident prevention. On the basis of GUS reports and the EUROSTAT accident model a comprehensive general model of accident situation development has been developed. The model enables one to trace the different possible configurations of the events occurring in accident processes in the construction industry and to determine the most probable scenario of events. It is essential to define such scenarios in order to correctly specify the directions of preventive measures.

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Marcin Kowalik

Czasopismo Techniczne, Budownictwo Zeszyt 1-B (5) 2014, 2014, s. 247-254

https://doi.org/10.4467/2353737XCT.14.103.2553

When organising work at height, the site manager has a duty to provide adequate security measures which will ensure safe working conditions. The correct criteria adopted to ensure the safe movement of equipment and materials and the safe implementation of all professional activities by all employees. This paper attempts to identify and describe systems set up to protect against falls from height, without the use of scaffolding, employed in today’s construction market.

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Marta Pająk, Anna Sobotka, Grzegorz Kacprzak

Czasopismo Techniczne, Budownictwo Zeszyt 1-B (5) 2014, 2014, s. 255-263

https://doi.org/10.4467/2353737XCT.14.104.2554

Presented topic concerns the location on the crown of the high slope settings crane to be mounted on the roof structure construction of the building NOSPR in Katowice. Set AC500 crane mounting on a high slope required to verify the safety of the location, the forecast behavior of the slope during the operation of the crane, and conduct constant monitoring of geodetic displacement of the slope. The aim of the paper is to present the proposed and implemented methodology based on data acquisition geotechnical soil slope using the methods of surveying as well as analysis of integrated measurements for the design and implementation of the safe conduct of works chosen method of installation.

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Anna Stepien

Czasopismo Techniczne, Budownictwo Zeszyt 1-B (5) 2014, 2014, s. 265-281

https://doi.org/10.4467/2353737XCT.14.105.2555

The aim of this paper was to present those factors which have a bearing on the accident rate in the
construction industry. The main problems afflicting this industry, i.e. the exceptionally high accident rate,
the unidentified causes of accidents and the poor reliability of the available data, are highlighted. It has
been established that it is difficult to optimally and consciously counteract accidents. In order to attempt to compile a survey, available literature on the causes of accidents in this industry was carried out to compile a coherent and comprehensive list of accident factors dispersed in different publications. The results are presented in a tabular form and serve as an information base for persons interested in identifying the causes of accidents in order to eliminate them, and are the starting point for further research in this field. Moreover, the author concludes that knowledge of the influence of the particular causes on the genesis of accidents is also essential in order to undertake optimal measures at all the stages of safety management.

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Słowa kluczowe: carbon nanotubes, strength of cement mortar, Non destructive testing, rebound hammer, on site concrete testing, SCC, thixotropic stiffening, rheological properties of mortars, static yield stress, cement mortar, self compacting concrete, rheological properties, sand-lime products, silcate bricks, modification, properties, additives, admixture, foam glass aggregate, lithium polysilicate, silicate products, recycled polymers, compressive strength, water absorption, bulk density, SCC, thixotropic stiffening, rheological properties of mortars, static yield stress, influence of temperature, sand-lime silicate, lithium silicate, the C-S-H phase, tobermorite, XRD, SEM, compressive strength, microstructure, cost estimation, differences in cost estimations, investor’s estimations, operating requirements, building utility standard, building repair, cost estimate, construction cost models, case-based reasoning, construction price books, collusion MLP artificial neural networks public procurements, Eurocode 7, foundation design, subsoil investigation and testing, establishing soil parameters, partitions walls, hospital building, cost estimating, knowledge acquisition, decision support system, data & text mining, CBR, construction business, Knowledge Map, knowledge management, process approach, sustainable development, historical monuments, conversion, criteria, urban regeneration, risk assessment, risk management, construction investment, construction projects risk, factors, fuzzy sets and systems, six sigma, defect, quality, chart, Pareto-Lorenz, geotechnics, road tunnel, crisis situations, risk assessment, transport infrastructure, construction, risk, assembled bridge, risk assessment, selection of construction project, multi-criteria analysis, Civil Engineering, occupational safety, construction industry, occupational safety, accident rate, causal, work at height, personal protection measures, collective protection measures, location of the crane assembly, load test of the slope, geodetic monitoring, accident factors, accident, hazard, causes of accidents, classification of causes