Culture Managment

2014

Publication date: 28.05.2014

Licence: None

Editorial team

Editor-in-Chief Emil Orzechowski

Secretary Ewa Kocój

Issue editors Ewa Kocój, Emil Orzechowski, Joanna Szulborska-Łukaszewicz

Issue content

Wobec tradycji i jej dyskursów: wieloznaczność problemu

Joanna Hańderek

Culture Management, Volume 15, Issue 1, 2014, pp. 1 - 17

https://doi.org/10.4467/20843976ZK.14.001.2142

The article will analyse the meaning and understanding of tradition. What I will attempt to accomplish, by reference to Rorty, Foucault, Appadurai, Geertz and postcolonial theorists, is to show that tradition is a unique type of construct. It is a construct dependent on history, conditions of temporality, understanding and needs of human being; social attitude and maturity. Such a view of tradition is understood as a composition of different ideas, which not only shape the participants of social life but which are shaped by them as well.

This text will stress the importance of postmodern and poststructural meaning of tradition, as these schools of philosophical thought gave rise to deconstruction and the critical approach towards phenomena and categories, previously considered invariable. These two movements free the understanding of tradition from previous constraints, showing that it is just another narration of cultural understanding of reality. A proposition is thus made to consider studying tradition through understanding how it is formed and how it affects the present.

I will try to show how a changing tradition allows the human being to adapt him/herself to his

/her everydayness, not only providing a possibility of cultural foundation but also allowing a dialogue with different types of cultural life.

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Dziedzictwo kulturowe jako temat ponowoczesny

Rafał Maciąg

Culture Management, Volume 15, Issue 1, 2014, pp. 19 - 27

https://doi.org/10.4467/20843976ZK.14.002.2143

The article tries to reconstruct possible issues that could appear when the postmodern mode of interpretation is applied to the problem of cultural heritage. The problem is more complicated because the idea of cultural heritage is mostly founded on the humanistic management theory and this theory also tries to use postmodern tools, but in a more general way. Thus, it is impossible to consider connections between heritage and postmodernity without referring to the discipline

of humanistic management. The solution lies in the universal characteristics of postmodernity, especially in its theory of knowledge. The article presents this issue through the concepts of Jean-François Lyotard and Michel Foucault. These concepts underline the relativity and localness

of knowledge. The same attributes can be found in categories used by postmodernity, like historicity, identity and even genuineness or humanity. In that case it is impossible to treat heritage

as a simple order of succession, but rather as a local effect. But there is also a limit in this treatment which is constituted by the subject, the man, who ought to build his subjectivity against the polyphonic and meaningless form of the world. This also refines the fundamental bet between the heir and the testator, much more important than the circular movement of goods within the community which stands behind the modern form of cultural heritage.

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Problematyka prawnej ochrony dziedzictwa niematerialnego na przykładzie przejawów folkloru

Teodora Konach

Culture Management, Volume 15, Issue 1, 2014, pp. 29 - 38

https://doi.org/10.4467/20843976ZK.14.003.2144

The complexity of forms and structures of traditional heritage makes it difficult to create effective tools of legal protection on different levels: national, regional and international. The emergence

of the theoretical concept of safeguarding all aspects of heritage, gave also rise to the question whether such a protection is needed and what kind of legal instruments and measures would be appropriate. At the international level, the foremost initiative is the WIPO Model Provisions for National Laws on the Protection of Expressions of Folklore Against Illicit Exploitation and other Forms of Prejudicial Action and UNESCO Convention on the Safeguarding of the Intangible Cultural Heritage, which not only offers the most sophisticated legal definition of intangible cultural heritage and folklore expressions, but also creates a listing mechanism aimed at drawing attention to intangible culture and the need for its safeguarding. Such an analysis would help answer questions whether legal protection is required and would be sufficient; what, if any, are the appropriate analogies in existing law; and whether a sui generis scheme should be developed.

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O muzeum, fondue i ekspedycjach polarnych, czyli szwajcarskie zmagania z dziedzictwem

Magdalena Zych

Culture Management, Volume 15, Issue 1, 2014, pp. 39 - 47

https://doi.org/10.4467/20843976ZK.14.004.2145

In Switzerland where the UNESCO convention was adopted in 2008, the term “intangible heritage” was replaced by the term “living tradition.” The list of Swiss “living traditions” counted 167 items. Among the selected traditions were not only the national cheese dish, i.e. fondue, but also famous motorbike fan gatherings in the town of Hauenstein near Solothurn, and many more. This list of traditional items was designed during a science project called “Intangible Cultural Heritage: the Midas Touch?”. In response, in 2013, the Ethnography Museum in Neuchatel took for the subject of its exhibition entitled “Hors-Champs” everything that usually stays beyond such classifications, and also the need of doing such a classification itself. The idea that underlies this exhibition is that defining heritage is a process that in fact freezes it, and freezes the living culture. This paper gives a look on Swiss thoughts on heritage, a look that is based on the Neuchatel exhibition and on the interview with its authors that was conducted during the museological research in 2013.

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‘Świętowanie niecodzienne’ - tożsamościowy fenomen regionalnego dziedzictwa kulturowego. (Przykład Podhala i Beskidu Śląskiego).

Urszula Lehr

Culture Management, Volume 15, Issue 1, 2014, pp. 49 - 58

https://doi.org/10.4467/20843976ZK.14.005.2146

The ritualization of rural life present in contemporary reality that puts its signature on existential uncommonness favors pondering on the causality of practicing ceremonial celebrations in a form that corresponds to the tradition of olden days. Such ceremonies manifest the clash of the past and present time, with the latter modifying some sequences of the ceremony; nevertheless, the above-mentioned clash emphasizes the unchanging scenario of a cultural act with its preserved rituals, gestures, verbalized contents and – what may be seen in Podhale – folk dress.

The cultivation of old contents and at times introduction of forgotten rituals is justified by tradition stimulated by a sense of identity (individual or collective) and to a lesser degree by institutionally steered tradition. It allows for placing the individual and the community in a mentally unchanged social-cultural space confirmed by ceremonies held (familial, annual). The presence of symbolic requisites, the behavior of the involved persons perceived by outside observers as a peculiar performance, are on the one hand a ceremonial implementation and a complement of a breakthrough event in the life of man, a religious act or a custom that is important for a given local group. On the other hand, however, their role is to: 1) maintain and strengthen the vanishing neighborly relations; 2) preserve the cultural continuity; 3) emphasize the regional individuality.

The well-marked element of commercialization of regional identification as a signum temporis which is superimposed on the cultural and identity-associated dimension of ‘uncommon celebrations’ does not change the fact that such regional identification remains for a given community a basic and timeless evolving component of the cultural heritage.

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Theater photographs as a source of research on the cultural heritage of 2nd half of the 19. century

Alicja Kędziora

Culture Management, Volume 15, Issue 1, 2014, pp. 59 - 76

https://doi.org/10.4467/20843976ZK.14.006.2147

Theatre atelier photography is one of the few visual sources relating to the theatre of the second half of the nineteenth century; it is the most direct testimony, which, however, requires considerable caution in its interpretation. Science has developed a lot of methods for the study of visual sources, so an attempt – however schematic and being just a reconnaissance in that research field – to implement them to interpret theater atelier photography seems to be justified. The author refers to methods which are the most interesting and the most relevant for the history of theater, and considers their usefulness in the analysis and interpretation of the photographic testimonies of dramatic performances.

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Table of Contents PDF Tekst UNKOWN Introduction PDF About Authors and Editors PDF Chronicle 2011/2012 PDF Reviews and reports PDF

Słowa kluczowe: tradition, heritage, construct, transmission, culture, identity, cultural heritage, postmodernity, postmodernism, humanistic management, intangible cultural heritage, folklore, UNESCO, WIPO, international law, protection of traditional culture, intangible cultural heritage, museology, ethnographic museum, celebration, customs, cultural identity, tradition, contemporaneity, borderland regions, villages of Podhale and Beskid Śląski, the Carpathians, theatre, actor, photography, atelier, interpretation

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2014