The number of families in which at least one parent has an intellectual disability remains unknown. Little is also known about the experiences of children growing up in such families. Single studies (e.g. retrospective studies of adult children) provide knowledge about such risk factors for child and family development as parentification or social stigma. The article presents the results of a systematic review of the literature (using the PsycArticles and PsycInfo databases) on the development of children in families with at least one parent with intellectual disability. The aim of the review was to explore the empirical research conducted so far in this area. The article ends with a list of recommendations for further empirical research.

Background: Numerous prior studies have been tested the associations between stress, coping and burnout. In fact, all three abovementioned constructs are inevitably connected with each other according to many psychological theories. Most of them, however, focused on job-stress related context and were conducted among university students or adults. Much less frequently the specific coping techniques and its relation to burnout symptoms among high school students were analyzed.

Objective: The main purpose of the current study was to investigate the associations between coping strategies and burnout syndrome among late adolescents. Secondly we tested if student burnout is a function of gender and age. Additionally, we also tested the cross-cultural validity of student burnout scale (SSBS) by Aypay.

Methods: 761 students (35.8% boys), aged 17–19 years participated in the study.

Results: The results indicate that student burnout is associated positively with poor coping strategies and negatively with searching for support and active coping strategies. Regression models revealed that higher avoiding behaviors and helplessness, and lower active coping are significant predictors of school burnout, explaining 13% of its variance. The final model consisting of coping strategies and sociodemographic characteristics (age and gender) explained 20% of variance in the SSBS score. According to our studies girls are more prone to develop school burnout syndrome than boys, and older students are more burned out than younger ones. The findings also confirmed that the SSBS scale may be applied in the Polish context as it has good psychometric properties.

Conclusion: The findings suggest that the avoiding behaviors as well as lack of active coping may play a pivotal role in school burnout among youth.

The purpose of this study was to assess the severity of parental burnout among parents of children with disabilities and chronic illness. It was hypothesized that these parents would be characterized by higher levels of parental burnout and that their child’s disability and chronic illness would moderate the relationship of parental burnout with sociodemographic factors. The study was conducted with 254 parents (M_age = 35.37 years; SD_age = 5.80) with children aged one month to 35 years; 22% of parents had a child with a disability or chronic illness. The Parental Burnout Assessment (PBA) questionnaire was used to verify the research hypotheses. The correlation analyses showed that parents of children with disabilities had higher levels of parental burnout, and as the degree of constraints related to the child’s difficulties increased, the level of parental burnout increased. The moderation analyses proved to be statistically significant for the relationship between the number of children and parental burnout. Similar relationships were not found concerning the relationship of parental burnout with the fact of having a child under five or the gender of the parent. The study indicated that there are relationships between having a child with a disability or chronic illness, the degree of their limitations, and parental burnout.

The purpose of this study was to assess the severity of parental burnout among parents of children with disabilities and chronic illness. It was hypothesized that parents of children with disabilites/ilnesses would be characterized by higher levels of parental burnout and that their child’s disability and chronic illness would moderate the relationship of parental burnout with sociodemographic factors. The study was conducted with 254 parents (M_age = 35.37; SD_age = 5.80) with children aged from 1 month to 35 years, 22% of whom had a child with a disability or chronic illness. The Parental Burnout Assessment (PBA) questionnaire was used to verify the research hypotheses. The correlation analyses conducted showed that parents of children with disabilities had higher levels of parental burnout, and as the degree of constraints related to the child’s difficulties increased, the level of parental burnout increased. The results of moderation analyses showed that the relationship between the number of children and parental burnout was statistically significant. Similar relationships were not found concerning the relationship of parental burnout and having a child under five or the gender of the parent. The study indicates that there are relationships between having a child with a disability or chronic illness, the degree of their impairment, and parental burnout.