Developmental Psychology 2018

2018

Publication date: 31.10.2018

Licence: CC BY-NC-ND

Editorial team

Issue editor Dorota Czyżowska

Issue content

A Dialogical Approach to the Identity Dilemmas of Young Adults

Dominik Borawski

Developmental Psychology, Volume 23, Issue 2, 2018, pp. 9-20

https://doi.org/10.4467/20843879PR.18.007.8941

The developmental tasks of early adulthood can be considered not only in terms of achieving goals related to family, social and professional life, but also in the context of changes in the further development of identity. This position is based on an assumption that the processes behind the formation of identity in early adulthood are linked with its reconstruction leading towards multiaspectedness and flexibility. From the dialogical point of view, the dynamic evolution of identity in the period of early adulthood is a result of 1) many new I-positions being developed, 2) active processes of positions within the dialogical self being adopted and changed. Additionally, the various I-positions of the self have available different points of view. The confrontation among them can be experienced as an identiy dilemma. Four such dilemmas are discussed, based on the theories of Erikson, the Newmans, and Levinson, i.e. exploration vs. commitment, now vs. the future, dependence vs. independence, work vs. family.

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Teoria ram relacyjnych (Relational Frame Theory, RFT) – współczesne, behawioralne podejście do języka i umiejętności poznawczych. Zastosowanie w terapii dzieci z zaburzeniami ze spektrum autyzmu

Krystyna Pomorska, Paweł Ostaszewski

Developmental Psychology, Volume 23, Issue 2, 2018, pp. 21-33

https://doi.org/10.4467/20843879PR.18.008.8942

Responding to stimuli in accordance with the noticed and derived relations between them exerts influence on various mental skills, including the problem solving, language communication, and social functioning. In the behavioral psychology deriving relations between the stimuli (e.g. objects, events) is referred to as relational framing and is defined as the learned, generalized operant behavior. Researchers working within the Relational Frame Theory (RFT) (Hayes, Barnes-Holmes, Roche, 2001) claim that the process involved in acquiring complex language relations can be explained in terms of the arbitrary applicable relational responding (AARR). A growing body of research demonstrates the effectiveness of interventions based on the relational responding in various populations, including those with atypical development. Despite wide interest in RFT amongst international researchers and practitioners, it is still relatively unknown in Poland.

The presented article aims at introducing RFT, conceived as a behavioral functional approach to language and cognitive abilities, to the Polish language speaking community, as well as presenting the possibilities of its application in therapy of autism spectrum disorder, including improving communication, skills generalization, and perspective taking.

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Mobbing – w poszukiwaniu wczesnych przyczyn zjawiska

Kamila Madeja-Bień, Małgorzata Gamian-Wilk, Łukasz Andrzejewski

Developmental Psychology, Volume 23, Issue 2, 2018, pp. 35-46

https://doi.org/10.4467/20843879PR.18.009.8943

The article offers a review of knowledge on the problem of mobbing. It presents theoretical approaches explaining this phenomenon. The main sources of aggressive behaviors in early childhood are discussed in great detail, indicating its subjective and situational determinants. The possible effects are presented of aggression in children at further stages of development, with special emphasis on its negative consequences. Emphasized is also the importance of early aggression for future development of the mobbing behavior.

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Jakość związku partnerskiego a satysfakcja z życia młodych matek – mediacyjna rola samooceny

Dorota Katarzyna Suwalska-Barancewicz

Developmental Psychology, Volume 23, Issue 2, 2018, pp. 49-65

https://doi.org/10.4467/20843879PR.18.010.8944

The birth of a child is a significant personal experience for a woman, but it is also an event of great social importance (Koronkiewicz, 2014). The arrival of an offspring changes forever the identity of a woman and her role both in her family and in the society. Motherhood can provide women with a sense of fulfillment and self-realization, but also give rise to conflict of roles, feeling overloaded with duties, discomfort, or health problems. Support from a close relationship partner is an important factor in self-esteem. It can be a source of happiness and satisfaction for a young mother. The results of numerous studies indicate that having children and a successful marriage are at the top of the hierarchy of values affecting one’s happiness (Czapiński, Panek 2011; Miotk-Mrozowska, 2013).

The study involved 336 mothers in the stage of early adulthood (average age M = 30.9, SD = 4.22). The quality of women’s partner relationship and their self-esteem were considered to be important factors for their life satisfaction measured with the SWLS Scale adapted by Juczyński. The independent variables were measured with the Quality of Relationship Inventory adapted by Suwalska-Barancewicz, Izdebski and Liberska, and the SES Scale adapted by Łaguna, Dzwonkowska and Lachowicz-Tabaczek. The analyzes carried out as part of the study confirmed the importance of the quality of the partner relationship and the level of self-esteem for the life satisfaction of young mothers.

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Jakość życia rodziny a jakość życia młodych dorosłych z lekką niepełnosprawnością intelektualną

Ewa Zasępa

Developmental Psychology, Volume 23, Issue 2, 2018, pp. 67-84

https://doi.org/10.4467/20843879PR.18.011.8945

The aim of the present study was to find a relationship between the family quality of life and the quality of life of young adults with intellectual disability. 27 individuals with a mild intellectual disability were examined: 14 men and 13 women. Their average age was M = 18.89 (SD = 1.25). The family quality of life was assessed by the subjects’ mothers. In the study were also used the Family Quality of Life Survey – general version (FQoLS-2006) and the Quality of Life Profile. The research results demonstrated that two general indicators of the family quality of life reached values slightly below average: general assessment and general satisfaction. The domains of family quality of life which were rated best included: Family relationships, Health of the family, and Spiritual and cultural beliefs, while the lowest rates were attributed to Support from other people, Support from disability-related services, and Financial well-being. Young adults with mild intellectual disability have evaluated the quality of their lives as high. The positive associations were found between the family quality of life and the quality of life of young adults with mild intellectual disability.

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Skala gerotranscendencji typu 1 (GST-1) Larsa Tornstama. Polska adaptacja metody

Paweł Brudek

Developmental Psychology, Volume 23, Issue 2, 2018, pp. 85-98

https://doi.org/10.4467/20843879PR.18.012.8946

The article presents the results of the Polish adaptation of the Gerotranscendence Scale Type 1 (GST-1) and the reliability and validity of the scale. In Poland 481 (Female = 312, Male = 169) elderly adults (aged 60–85) responded to a questionnaire. An exploratory factor analysis of the Polish version of the GST-1 revealed the same two-factor structure including the Cosmic Transcendence and Ego Transcendence, which had been reported by Tornstam (1994). Reliability and construct validity of the Polish version of the GST-1 were confirmed. The reliability coefficients (Cronbach’s alpha) for these dimensions amounted to, respectively, .72 and .64. These findings provide support for the use of the Polish version of the GST-1 as a measure of lifespan development among the elderly people in Poland. The GST-1 proved to be applicable not only for the elderly adults in Denmark, Sweden, Holland or USA but also for elderly adults in Poland.

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Recenzje i sprawozdania

Recenzja: Sandra A. Wiebe, Julia Karbach (eds.) (2018), Executive Function. Development Across the Life Span. London–New York: Routledge–Taylor & Francis Group

Małgorzata Cużytek

Developmental Psychology, Volume 23, Issue 2, 2018, pp. 101-106

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Sprawozdanie z XXVII Ogólnopolskiej Konferencji Psychologii Rozwojowej, Opole, 14–16 czerwca 2018 roku

Agnieszka Lasota, Paweł Kurtek

Developmental Psychology, Volume 23, Issue 2, 2018, pp. 107-110

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Słowa kluczowe: dialogical self, identity, identity dilemmas, developmental tasks, early adulthood, Relational frame theory (RFT), behavioral therapy, autism, language skills, cognitive skills, mobbing, aggression, sources of aggression, effects of early aggression, self-esteem, quality of partner relationship, life satisfaction, young mothers, quality of life, family quality of life, intellectual disability, gerotranscendence, wisdom, late adulthood, Polish adaptation

Volume 23, Issue 2

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Issue content

Recenzje i sprawozdania

2018