MAGDALENA JAGIEŁŁO-KOWALCZYK shares her memories from the celebrations 

Various factors and conditions that affect the organisation of architectural environment of entrance groups of public service establishments located on the ground floors of residential buildings are comprehensively reviewed in the article. Available design features and compositional and spatial solutions of various built-in public service establishments that contribute to the solution of problems of aesthetic expression of residential development.

Basic features and tendencies, inherent to the transition from a Constructivism style to Stalin Neoclassicism style (to Empire style) in architecture of Ukraine on the example of her the two capitals – Kharkiv (1919–1934) and Kyiv (since 1934) outlined in the article. It is reviewed originality and exceptional nature of evolution of architecture and spatial composition of prominent urban objects of these places in the World and Soviet architectural and artistic context of the Interwar Years.
Particular attention paid to the competitive projects on development of governmental capital areas of Kharkiv and Kyiv.

After the World War II all cities granted the rank of the province capitals, throve becoming centres of an industrial plants and factories. Due to newly coming work opportunities, residents of local villages and small towns headed to the cities on a large scale. They partly settled in working-class housing estates and partly commuted with public transport. Such a development of the city influenced the decision on the need for constructing a bus station in 1970s. Thanks to assumptions accepted by the designers it was possible to create an extraordinary for contemporary times object of innovative communications system, unusual composition, modern structure and the most modern technical solutions available in the country. The object, thanks to its unique architecture, quickly became a calling card of Kielce and pride of residents. In the period of transformation, both the growth of industry and the public transport slowed down. Not renovated object started to deteriorate and the enterprise along with the station was sold. Kielce Bus Station admittedly avoided the fate of many other excellent architectural works of the post-war modernism which were knocked down or rebuilt. However, farther a decline of this object, constituting the extraordinary cultural value, is progressing.

Sacral architecture in Western Ukraine, first of all in Galicia, since the beginning of the twentieth century defined by the obvious search and articulation of local identity, arose in terms of the general process of political nations in Eastern Europe. The long break both in the continuity of generations and in the practice of sacred buildings design between periods at the turn of XIX–XX and at the turn of XX–XXI centuries, led to significant losses in the theoretical and practical use of the experience of the galaxy of Galician architects of the Austrian and Inter-War periods, which formed morphological basis of the architectural definition of a church in Ukrainian-Byzantine tradition.

University cultural center and the general concept of its spatial and functional organization are analyzed as mean of forming of architectural environment and public space of universities.

This publication reviews the research projects conducted by students and lecturers of the Institute of Architecture of Lviv Polytechnic National University. These projects offer various ways of building “landscape” theaters with infrastructure, that would be located in green zones of the largest Ukrainian cities and provide the population with modern cultural and spectacular complexes.

The article highlights the phenomenon and results of conceptual, educational projecting as a unique means of mastering the syncretic architectural skills on the example of artistic heritage of an architect F. Kiesler and a scenographer – an architect Ye. Lysyk.

The author discusses terminology of a module and modularity in architecture, particularly focusing on hospital architecture. She also comments on funding of Polish health service’s construction. Additionally, she analyses typology of hospitals and its references to modularity and standardisation. The author also investigates container construction and presents some examples from Europe and Poland.

The process of spatial development of Rzeszow, taking place since the late 1930s, is characterised by very intensive dynamics. The main purpose of urbanisation of the vast areas was to address the housing shortage for the continually increasing number of the city’s inhabitants. The planning of the spatial structure of the residential terrains took place with regard to the current tendencies in urban development. The final shape of the housing estates is the result of the compromise between the idea and the ever-changing social, political and economic factors. The structure of the ‘Nowe Miasto’ (‘New Town’) housing estate in Rzeszow reflects the dynamics of the factors shaping the contemporary Polish cities.

The level of appeal of city buildings and public space stimulates the strength of attracting people, collaborates with the creation of a hierarchical places structure model and decides their economical competitiveness. Therefore the hypothesis with a significant role in the city spatial structure and of importance in forming a city area landscape encompassing the Łódź Fabryczna city centre road and rail hub seems to be correctly defined. This foremost train and bus transit station area situated in the very heart of Łódź had not been granted the city landscape renown it deserves. Its role in the shaping of city image in the eyes of travelers and tourists is unquestionable. The city inhabitants have also waited years for the proper arranging of the road and rail hub, the improvement of underinvested and interlaced public areas, reassurance of being provided with proper travel conditions as well as providing this place with representative qualities worthy of a Central European city.

The article distinguishes the main historical stages of the Ukrainian diplomacy development and conducts the analysis of diplomatic legations architecture in Ukraine starting from the Cossacks era and up till present days.

Relationship between man and environments can always refer to the general question of ones being in the world. Spatial and temporal reality forms a frame for every human activity and the orientation therein is the basis for the determination of human’s place – not only in the physical environment, but also in the whole spectrum carried by its meaning. Nowadays, the city has become an essential habitat for man and his nearest space – hence it seems important to take the issue of urban composition as a determinant orientation in urban areas. The article discusses the issue of urban composition as one of the determinants of urban spatial orientation. Author aims to analyze problem of perception and cognition, and the accompanying issue of imageability of environment and creation of its cognitive maps, referring to the image of the city theory of Kevin Lynch.

The Linear City concept in spatial planning has been present since Soria y Mata’s proposal in 1882 (Collins, 1959). Yet, naturally conditioned elongated urban developments have not been a frequent subject of research. However, dynamic urbanization under ongoing processes of globalization have brought new conditions and challenges for cities, among them a strong impact of international financial markets on a city space. Cultural and recreational areas are being systematically replaced by commercial and office buildings what disrupts correct city structure. The set of conditions mentioned above relate to linear cities as well.
Apart from analyzing possible causes of developing existing linear cities, this paper aims to examine their contemporary development possibilities determined by mentioned above factors. Sarajevo, BiH serves as case example. On the basic of extensive literature review the development possibilities have been recognized. In case of Sarajevo possible interventions appear as strengthening main transportation axes and establishing new centers along the city spine1.

The article focuses on issues relating to the process of shaping urban spaces from the point of view of composition and beauty in small residential developments. The Author presents the conceptual assumptions connected with functional and spatial shaping of sustainable residential complexes, among which the attitude towards nature constitutes the fundamental criterion influencing the spatial composition and the beauty of architecture. The Author also presents aspects which change the attitude towards the contemporary appearance and composition of a city, assuming a dominating role of the natural environment in shaping urban structures. The article presents twelve awarded architectural and urban designs by students of the 2nd year, prepared in the academic year 2014/2015 in the Chair of Housing Environment, Faculty of Architecture, Cracow University of Technology. In the field of aspects relating to the aesthetics and composition, there appeared tendencies aiming at composing urban spaces in a human scale, maintaining optimal sizes of surfaces of biologically active areas, remaining in close relations with the natural surroundings. In the Author’s opinion, due to the considerable threats for the planet caused by e.g. climatic changes, rapid natural increase and significant urbanization, in the functional and spatial shaping process and in composing urban spaces there will be a return to the idea of a garden city, in harmony and symbiosis with the nature surrounding it. The cities of the future will transform into gardens and will become self-sufficient in terms of energy.