1/2024 (10)

2024

https://doi.org/10.4467/2450050XSNR.24.01

Publication date: 17.07.2024

Description

Articles are published under a CC BY 4.0 license.

Licence: CC BY

Editorial team

Volume editor Alicja Jagielska-Burduk

Editor-in-Chief Alicja Jagielska-Burduk, Anna Koziczak

Deputy Editor-in-Chief Wojciech Szafrański, Andrzej Jakubowski

Issue content

Interview

Z Anną Bernhardt, Prezesem Stowarzyszenia Instytutu Literackiego „Kultura”, rozmawia Alicja Jagielska-Burduk Alicja Jagielska-Burduk talks with Anna Bernhardt, President of the “Kultura” Literary Institute Association

Anna Bernhardt, Alicja Jagielska-Burduk

Santander Art and Culture Law Review, 1/2024 (10), 2024, pp. 9 - 20

https://doi.org/10.4467/2450050XSNR.24.001.19806

PDF

Articles

Kontrowersje wokół nowelizacji ustawy o ochronie zabytków i opiece nad zabytkami w zakresie prowadzenia poszukiwań zabytków

Maciej Trzciński

Santander Art and Culture Law Review, 1/2024 (10), 2024, pp. 21 - 38

https://doi.org/10.4467/2450050XSNR.24.002.19807

In 2023, a draft amendment to the Act on the protection and care of monuments was created, with the main goal to simplify procedures related to searches for artefacts. The amendment is meant to introduce a mobile application that can be used to notify the provincial conservator of monuments by a potential searcher about the area in which he would like to carry out searches. This greatly simplified procedure would replace the decisions currently issued by conservation offices in which they grant or refuse the applicant permission to conduct searches. It should be noted that such an application does not currently exist and its actual creation in the near future seems to be very problematic. The project’s assumptions also include provisions allowing for rewards in the form of a cash prize not only for accidental finders of archaeological monuments, as is the case now, but also for those who make such a discovery as part of planned searches. The project in progress was a parliamentary project inspired by the expectations of a large community of seekers. The project’s assumptions were met with a decidedly negative assessment by the expert community representing scientific and research institutions, museums and scientific associations. Despite these voices of opposition and numerous controversies that accompanied it, the project passed the legislative process and will enter into force in May 2024.

PDF

Prawna ochrona dziedzictwa naturalnego w Polsce – wyzwania i perspektywy

Elżbieta Zębek

Santander Art and Culture Law Review, 1/2024 (10), 2024, pp. 39 - 56

https://doi.org/10.4467/2450050XSNR.24.003.19808

The article analyzes the legal status and protection of natural heritage sites inscribed on the UNESCO World Heritage List in Poland. The natural properties on the List include natural elements and cultural landscapes as objects accompanying the monuments. Legal protection of natural and landscape resources is regulated mainly in the provisions on nature protection, the protection of monuments and spatial planning and development acts. However, there is no clear distinction between the protection of natural assets under the UNESCO Convention and provisions concerning the protection of the world cultural and natural heritage in the Polish legal system, which causes many legal problems related to their protection, management and monitoring. A consequence of this situation may be the degradation of these elements, in particular unique natural habitats, where protection under criminal law is unsatisfactory. There are only two natural heritage sites in Poland – the Białowieża Primeval Forest and ancient beech forests in the Bieszczady National Park. Therefore, efforts should be made to extend this List. However, it is necessary to consider strengthening the legal protection of such objects in the Nature Conservation Act by distinguishing this form of heritage or establishing separate legal acts dedicated to these objects. Therefore, only legal protection at the national level will be most effective.

PDF

Wykonanie zastępcze jako środek ochrony bezpieczeństwa obywateli i zabytków nieruchomych przed zniszczeniem

Wojciech Lis

Santander Art and Culture Law Review, 1/2024 (10), 2024, pp. 57 - 82

https://doi.org/10.4467/2450050XSNR.24.005.19810

A society’s healthy functioning within the framework of a State organization involves multiple obligations and limitations, which are a consequence of the public authorities’ consideration of various values. These include ensuring the protection of private property. In the context of immovable monuments, the physical safety of all who reside in the State’s territory, and guarding the national heritage, are all significant. These monuments are not always adequately protected from destruction or damage, which poses a threat to human safety and cultural security. Consideration of the protection of these values justifies the State’s encroachment on the right to private property when immovable monuments are threatened with destruction or damage, which is served by the institution of substitute execution. The purpose of the article is to try to answer the question of whether carrying out necessary conservation works and construction works under substitute execution is an effective means of protecting immovable monuments in the context of the State exercising its obligations to ensure the safety of citizens and guarding national heritage.

PDF

Zjawisko „powracających ptaków” na polskim rynku sztuki. Aspekty ekonomiczno-prawne

Wojciech Szafrański

Santander Art and Culture Law Review, 1/2024 (10), 2024, pp. 83 - 108

https://doi.org/10.4467/2450050XSNR.24.009.19832

The concept of “returning birds” should be understood as a phenomenon involving the return to the auction market of an artwork that was unsold at an earlier auction despite a conditional bid at an earlier auction and ultimately falsely “sold” at auction. “Recurring birds,” as a general rule, demonstrate the difficulty in completing successive sales of such works, as they tend to lose the effect of freshness for auction participants. Moreover, the Polish auction market lacks a developed system of guarantees. An attempt to shield against works being removed from the auction and the so-called burning of objects, are pretended conditional transactions or “bogus sales”. This gives rise to separate types of “returning birds,” labeled as “green” and “black”, respectively. Their presence in the Polish auction market is a result of the lack of legal responsibility of auction houses for auction outcomes and the lack of a legal framework for the due diligence of such entities in the trade of works of art.

PDF

Protection of historical monuments in Poland and property tax regulations

Jacek Wantoch-Rekowski, Paweł Majka

Santander Art and Culture Law Review, 1/2024 (10), 2024, pp. 109 - 126

https://doi.org/10.4467/2450050XSNR.24.008.19831

The aim of this study is to analyse the tax exemptions that make the Polish tax system easier for owners of immovable monuments in terms of property tax. The authors attempt to determine whether Polish property tax regulations can indirectly contribute to the improvement of the condition of immovable monuments. This is an important issue, as even the most perfect conventions and laws cannot protect monuments from destruction; for this, financial resources are necessary. As can be seen from the dogmatic and legal analysis, the solutions concerning tax exemptions for historic properties should be assessed as being far from sufficient to serve as effective financial and legal incentives for owners to care for the preservation of historic buildings. In this respect, the authors postulate making changes related to the extension of the existing exemption. In this article, the dogmatic-legal method based on the analysis of the texts of legal acts has been applied, as has the empirical method in terms of determining the number of immovable monuments in Poland.

PDF

Varia

Zespół pałacowo-parkowy w Lubostroniu pomnikiem historii

Ryszard Nowicki

Santander Art and Culture Law Review, 1/2024 (10), 2024, pp. 127 - 150

https://doi.org/10.4467/2450050XSNR.24.006.19811

By the decree of the President of the Republic of Poland on November 15, 2023, the palace and park complex in Lubostron was recognized as a monument of history. The classical residence of Count Fryderyk Skórzewski, built in 1800 and inspired by Andrea Palladio’s Villa Rotonda near Vicenza, Italy, is surrounded by an English-style park and stands among the most valuable monuments in Poland. Until 1939, the property was owned by the Skórzewski family, who upheld patriotic values and national traditions during the country’s subjugation. After World War II, the palace was nationalized. Its inclusion on the list of monuments of history confirms the significant value of the palace and park complex, deeply intertwined with the history of Poland and its cultural heritage.

PDF

Debutes

Fałszerstwa dzieł sztuki w wybranych orzeczeniach polskich sądów

Natalia Lichwa-Długosz

Santander Art and Culture Law Review, 1/2024 (10), 2024, pp. 151 - 174

https://doi.org/10.4467/2450050XSNR.24.004.19809

The article comments on the discrepancies in judgments of Polish courts regarding the interpretations used, introduces the facts, and examines which legal provisions are used when assessing the seller’s liability for specific inauthentic works. The aim of the article is also to verify whether the parties in a transaction observe proper behaviour and what methods courts consider reliable when assessing the authenticity of works in evidentiary proceedings.

PDF

Zagrożenia dziedzictwa kulturowego na świecie

Zagrożenie dziedzictwa kulturowego przestępczością – analiza wydarzeń w 2022 roku (początek inwazji Rosji na Ukrainę)

Olgierd Jakubowski

Santander Art and Culture Law Review, 1/2024 (10), 2024, pp. 175 - 186

https://doi.org/10.4467/2450050XSNR.24.007.19812

The article presents selected cases of criminal activity in 2022 based on statistics prepared by police, the National Revenue Administration and border police. The study is part of an annual series that aims to illustrate the trends and threats to monuments and cultural assets in a given year. The complementary presentation of collective information on risks to cultural heritage is essential for a research perspective and to develop a strategy for its protection. Criminal activity involving cultural heritage is influenced by specific events that affect the level of security in a State. Among the factors that should be taken into account when analyzing the phenomenon of crime against cultural heritage in 2022, threats arising from the Russian aggression on Ukraine should be considered.

PDF

Informacje

Sąd Arbitrażowy ds. Sztuki (Court of Arbitration for Art – CAfA): Webinar na temat rozwiązywania sporów artystycznych za pomocą alternatywnych metod rozstrzygania sporów – perspektywy i wyzwania w Polsce i na świecie

Weronika Weems

Santander Art and Culture Law Review, 1/2024 (10), 2024, pp. 187 - 190

PDF

Court of Arbitration for Art (CAfA): Webinar on Settling Art Disputes by Alternative Dispute Resolutions: Future and Challenges in Poland and worldwide

Weronika Weems

Santander Art and Culture Law Review, 1/2024 (10), 2024, pp. 191 - 195

PDF

Workshop “Geoheritage management in UNESCO designated sites”

Monika Cychowska-Nowak

Santander Art and Culture Law Review, 1/2024 (10), 2024, pp. 196 - 199

PDF

Konkurs na esej dla uczniów szkół ponadpodstawowych – II edycja

Małgorzata Herbich

Santander Art and Culture Law Review, 1/2024 (10), 2024, pp. 200 - 200

PDF

Jak rozumiesz i czy zgadzasz się ze stwierdzeniem, że dziedzictwo kulturowe jest naszym wspólnym dobrem?

Helena Liszka-Ziemba

Santander Art and Culture Law Review, 1/2024 (10), 2024, pp. 201 - 203

PDF

Jak rozumiesz i czy zgadzasz się ze stwierdzeniem, że dziedzictwo kulturowe jest naszym wspólnym dobrem?

Mateusz Witkowski

Santander Art and Culture Law Review, 1/2024 (10), 2024, pp. 204 - 205

PDF

Projekty

Projekt „Wymiana wiedzy na temat najlepszych praktyk w zakresie folkloru i ochrony niematerialnego dziedzictwa kulturowego”

Agnieszka Pawłowska-Mainville

Santander Art and Culture Law Review, 1/2024 (10), 2024, pp. 206 - 208

PDF

Files to download

Contents PDF Title pages & imprint PDF

Słowa kluczowe: search for monuments, threat to archaeological heritage, controversial changes in procedures, environmental protection law, protection of natural heritage, UNESCO World Heritage List, natural properties, cultural landscapes, national heritage, protection of monuments, safety of citizens, duties of disposers of immovable monuments, conservation supervision, “returning birds”, art market, auction, artwork “burnt objects”, due diligence, art flipping, monument, immovable monuments, tax exemption, property tax, Lubostron, cultural heritage, palace and park complex, history, Skórzewski family, 18th-21st centuries, forgery of works of art, art market, court decisions, crime, statistics, national heritage, robbery, theft, damage

Funding information

The journal was supported by funds from the Ministry of Science and Higher Education with support granted under the “Development of Scientific Journals” 2022-2024 program.