Słowa kluczowe: Alexander the Great, Hyrcania, Bactria, India, logistics., Hellenistic Bactria, Ai Khanoum, Alexander the Great, Seleucid kings, Graeco-Bactrian kings, Greek colonization., ancient Termez, Northern Bactria, Franco-Uzbek Archaeological Expedition of Northern Bactria., Multilingualism and communication, Iranian languages, Achaemenian Empire, Sogdian and Bactrian, “Aryan” languages, glottonyms., Imšao, Huviška, Kushan, Karšiptar, Yima, Yama., Parthian archaeology, Parthian economical history, Old Nisa, storage and administration practice, sealings., rock reliefs, Kong-e Yār ‘Alīvand, Kūzestān., Vologases VI, Artabanus V, Arsacids, Parthian numismatics, Parthian history., Book of the Laws of the Countries, Eusebius, Clementine Recognitions, the apostle Thomas, central Asia, the Parthian empire, Christianity., kingship ideology, Seleucids, Bactria, India, Arsacids, Persis, Elymais, Characene, Sakas, Indo-Scythians, Kushans, Sasanians., Kushano-Sasanians, Kushanshahs, Sasanians, numismatics, religious iconography, Iranian deities, Zoroastrian imagery., Sasanian history, Sasanian numismatics, Sakastan, Eastern Iran.