Can The Pushed-Back Speak? Tracing Narrative Agency of Enemised and Victimised Migrants in Poland
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RIS BIB ENDNOTECan The Pushed-Back Speak? Tracing Narrative Agency of Enemised and Victimised Migrants in Poland
Data publikacji: 02.2024
Studia Migracyjne – Przegląd Polonijny, 2023 (XLIX), Nr 3 (189), s. 15 - 37
https://doi.org/10.4467/25444972SMPP.23.032.19147Autorzy
Can The Pushed-Back Speak? Tracing Narrative Agency of Enemised and Victimised Migrants in Poland
The pushed-back migrants are the main subjects of the humanitarian crisis on the Belarusian-Polish border; however their presence as public discourse producers are rather scarce. The aim of this research is to trace the narrative agency of these people and explore its link to their emancipation. Drawing on the postcolonial theory, we address the question of how the subaltern(ised) subjects produce their discourse. With the analysis of media content, literature, and artistic materials, we argue that the discourse production of pushed-back migrants in Poland is heavily limited, restricted, and often interrupted, however they manifest agency by manoeuvring victimisation and contesting the enemisation of themselves. Using these results, we conclude that the researcher’s role during this crisis should be a mix of translation and representation of what the pushed-back said and were forbidden to say.
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Materials used for analysis [all websites accessed 23.03.2023]
1. Short messages displayed in the forest:
– bbc.com, 17.10.2021, https://www.bbc.com/news/world-europe-58947167;
– alamy.com, 25.10.2021, https://www.alamy.com/migrants-from-somalia-holding-signs-reading-i-want-asylum-in-poland-sit-in-the-forest-as-they-cross-the-belarusian-polish-border-in-siemianowka-poland-october-25-2021-reuterskacper-pempel-image449402131.html;
– bialystok.wyborcza, 03.11.2021, https://bialystok.wyborcza.pl/bialystok/7,35241,27762425,uchodzcy-na-polsko-bialoruskiej-granicy-fatima-odnalazla-wnuka.html;
– middleeastmonitor.com, 09.11.2021, https://www.middleeastmonitor.com/20211109-refugees-wait-in-desperate-conditions-at-polish-belarusian-border/;
– aljazeera.com, 15.11.2021, https://www.aljazeera.com/features/2021/11/15/belarus-poland-border-people-are-dying-in-the-forest;
– Notesfrompoland.com, 12.01.2022, https://notesfrompoland.com/2022/01/12/asylum-applications-rise-in-poland-amid-surge-of-afghan-and-belarusian-refugees/;
– theguardian.com, 14.03.2022, https://www.theguardian.com/global-development/2022/mar/14/fears-grow-of-new-crisis-as-refugees-in-belarus-driven-into-ukraine;
– thenationalnews.com, 01.04.2022, https://www.thenationalnews.com/weekend/2022/04/01/europes-forgotten-refugees-from-the-middle-east-to-belarus-to-oblivion/;
2. Requests from detention centres:
– OKO.Press, 29.05.2022 https://oko.press/fala-strajkow-glodowych-w-osrodkach-dla-cudzo-ziemcow;
– Facebook account of NGO “Egala”, 02.01.2023;
– bialystok.wyborcza, 03.01.2023 https://bialystok.wyborcza.pl/bialystok/7,35241,29322200,nie-tylko-mohammed-w-przemyslu-strajk-glodowy-uchodzcow-rozlewa.html;
– bialystok.wyborcza, 07.01.2022, https://bialystok.wyborcza.pl/bialystok/7,35241,27982332,strajki-glodowe-w-osrodkach-strzezonych-dla-cudzoziemcow-to.html;
– Truestory.pl, 10.01.2023 https://truestory.pl/strajk-glodowy-cudzoziemcow-z-osrodka-w-lesznowoli-jest-apel-do-ministra/;
– Facebook account of NGO “Egala”, 18.01.2023;
– Facebook account of NGO “Egala”, 08.02.2023;
3. Interviews:
– pap.pl, 10.11.2021, https://www.pap.pl/aktualnosci/news%2C996077%2Cmigrant-z-iraku-wierzymy-ze-nasze-miejsce-jest-w-europie-w-niemczech.html;
– Global News, youtube.com, 12.11.2021, https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=uXWWJspeKDg;
– vsquare.org, 14.11.2021, https://vsquare.org/thwarted-what-is-really-going-on-on-the-border-between-belarus-and-poland/;
– pap.pl 18.11.2021, https://www.pap.pl/aktualnosci/news%2C1004084%2Cmigrant-z-kurdystanu-piec-razy-byl-na-granicy-dojezdzamy-do-jakies;
– FRANCE 24 English, youtube.com, 23.11.2021, https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=tVh1GB1ZP-4;
– uman Rights Watch, 24.11.2021, https://www.hrw.org/report/2021/11/24/die-here-or-go-poland/belarus-and-polands-shared-responsibility-border-abuses;
– POLITICO Europe, youtube.com, 08.12.2021, https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=RQb7fF47kII;
– dziendobry.tvn.pl, 25.01.2022, https://dziendobry.tvn.pl/gorace-tematy/ola-sabah-hamad-irakijka-ktora-przekroczyla-polsko-bialoruska-granice-5571032;
– The New Humanitarian, 15.03.2022, https://www.thenewhumanitarian.org/first-person/2022/03/15/ukraine-poland-syria-refugee-welcome-forest?x=;
– oko.press, 21.03.2022, https://oko.press/ibrahim-dlaczego-my-musielismy-marznac-w-lasach;
– oko.press, 23.03.2022, https://oko.press/co-zrobila-polska-bym-ja-pokochal-lekcje-ahmeda-z-polskiego-lasu-reportaz-z-granicy-bialoruskiej;
– oko.press, 09.04.2022, https://oko.press/jemenczyk-na-granicy-polsko-bialoruskiej-nie-wydaje-mi-sie-zeby-to-byl-dobry-kraj-dla-uchodzcow;
– uman Rights Watch, 07.06.2022, https://www.hrw.org/news/2022/06/07/violence-and-pushbacks-poland-belarus-border
– bialystok.wyborcza.pl, 20.6.02022 https://bialystok.wyborcza.pl/bialystok/7,35241,28565402,uchodzcy-dlaczego-nie-bylo-dla-nas-miejsca-w-polsce-pyta-nauczyciel.html;
– bialystok.wyborcza.pl, 20.06.2022, https://bialystok.wyborcza.pl/bialystok/7,35241,28555849,od-zycia-w-bruzgach-bolala-dusza-kurdyjski-dziennikarz-pisze.html;
– wyborcza.pl, 30.01.2023, https://wyborcza.pl/duzyformat/7,127290,29404164,jezus-ma-20-lat-nielegalnie-przekroczyl-granice-z-litwa-mysle.html#S.MT-K.C-B.1-L.1.duzy.
4. Artistic or activist actions:
– Pushbacks or collective expulsions? Illegal, harmful and hurtful practice of EU border management organised on-line by Grupa Granica and Stowarzyszenie Interwencji Prawnej, 28.07.2022, https://www.facebook.com/events/719188242486677/; (not available now)
– “Pocztówki z Przemyśla” – a part of the artistic action “Centrum światów jest tutaj” by Joanna Sarnecka in Przemyśl, 23–34.09.2022 [materials received via e-mail from the artist];
– Border Emergency Collective film, no date, https://borderec.com/?page_id=30
Informacje: Studia Migracyjne – Przegląd Polonijny, 2023 (XLIX), Nr 3 (189), s. 15 - 37
Typ artykułu: Oryginalny artykuł naukowy
Tytuły:
Can The Pushed-Back Speak? Tracing Narrative Agency of Enemised and Victimised Migrants in Poland
Can The Pushed-Back Speak? Tracing Narrative Agency of Enemised and Victimised Migrants in Poland
Ośrodek Badań nad Migracjami, Uniwersytet Warszawski
Ośrodek Badań nad Migracjami, Uniwersytet Warszawski
Publikacja: 02.2024
Status artykułu: Otwarte
Licencja: CC BY-NC-ND
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