https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0674-9146
Joanna Gorecka-Kalita is a professor at the Institute of Romance Philology of the Jagiellonian University. A specialist in medieval literature, she has published numerous articles, and a translation of Old French Tristan et Iseut (Béroul, Thomas, Chevrefoil by Marie de France, Folie Tristan d’Oxford et de Berne) into Polish, annotated and accompanied by a notice (Tristan i Izolda, Wrocław 2006), as well as a study of the 13th century Life of Saint Jehan Paulus (Pustelnik na czworakach. Żywot świętego Jana Paulusa – studium legendy, Kraków 2017). Her main areas of researchare: Arthurian literature, Tristan legend and religious literature in the vernacular (especially the 13th century collection of pious tales Vie des Peres, Marian miracles and lives of saints).
Joanna Gorecka-Kalita
Terminus, Tom 25, zeszyt 3 (68) 2023, 2023, s. 285 - 298
https://doi.org/10.4467/20843844TE.23.016.18204Joanna Gorecka-Kalita
Studia Litteraria Universitatis Iagellonicae Cracoviensis, Volume 18, Issue 2, 2023, s. 145 - 161
https://doi.org/10.4467/20843933ST.23.015.18185Who ate the Galosh? Inspiration from Kornel Makuszynski in Romain Gary’s The Promise at Dawn
In his autobiographical novel, Promise at Dawn, Romain Gary, in addition to numerous confabulations, also made several borrowings from various works of world literature; a considerable number of these have been identified by researchers. The article adds to this list the hitherto undiscovered plagiarism of Bezgrzeszne lata [Innocent Years] by Kornel Makuszyński, a writer whom Gary read in his youth. One of the most recognisable episodes of Promise at Dawn – the story of the author’s/narrator’s childhood love for Valentina, for whom he ate, among other things, a kilo of cherries with seeds or, finally, the eponymous galosh – bears a striking resemblance to the description of narrator’s love for Inka Leszczyńska in Innocent Years.
In addition to this connection, there are other, less obvious similarities between the two works, related to the authors’ creative paths, their first literary attempts or difficulties at school, and the subsequent experience regarding their first publications. There are also similarities between the authors themselves, both achieving ‘celebrity’ status through their writing successes, both equally averse (with reciprocity) to any avant-garde or political involvement, both adhering to humanist ideals in their writing and seeking to right wrongs and injustices, each in their own way.
W autobiograficznej powieści Obietnica poranka Romain Gary, prócz licznych konfabulacji, dokonał też wielu zapożyczeń z rozmaitych dzieł literatury światowej. Znaczna część z nich została zidentyfikowana przez badaczy. Artykuł uzupełnia tę listę o nieodkryty dotąd plagiat z Bezgrzesznych lat Kornela Makuszyńskiego, pisarza, którego Gary czytał w młodości. Jeden z najbardziej rozpoznawalnych epizodów Obietnicy poranka – historia dziecięcej miłości autora/narratora do Walentyny, dla której zjadł między innymi kilo czereśni z pestkami czy wreszcie tytułowy kalosz – jest bliźniaczo podobny do opisu miłości narratora Bezgrzesznych lat do Inki Leszczyńskiej. Oprócz tego nawiązania między oboma utworami istnieją dodatkowe, mniej oczywiste podobieństwa, dotyczące drogi twórczej autorów, pierwszych prób literackich, a trudności szkolnych, a także doświadczeń pierwszej publikacji. Podobieństwa dotyczą też samych autorów – obu osiągających status „celebrytów” dzięki sukcesom pisarskim, obu jednakowo niechętnych (z wzajemnością) wszelkiej awangardzie i zaangażowaniu politycznemu, obu wyznających w swoim pisarstwie ideały humanizmu oraz dążących do naprawy krzywd i niesprawiedliwości – każdy na swój sposób.
Joanna Gorecka-Kalita
Studia Litteraria Universitatis Iagellonicae Cracoviensis, Volume 13, Issue 1, 2018, s. 15 - 24
https://doi.org/10.4467/20843933ST.18.002.8280“The Ugly Truth”. Cahus’ Dream Revisited
The aim of this paper is to propose an analysis of the Cahus’ Dream, a well known episode of the Perlesvaus, Arthurian romance from the 13th century, within the context of the medieval dream theories. Inspired mostly by Macrobius’ Commentary on the Dream of Scipio – focusing on the divinatory (or deceptive/ illusory) role of dreams – as well as by Tertullian’s and Augustine’s Christian reflections on the relations between the soul and the sleeping body, these theories permit to shed a new light on the oneiric adventure of the squire. In fact, the author furnishes numerous clues which make it look as an insomnium or fantasma: a false, illusory dream, deprived of any deeper signification. Thus, unable of uncovering some hidden, symbolic meaning, the mirage paradoxically turns out to be a material, “ugly”, as the text has it, truth, blurring the border between dream and reality in a most confusing way, and setting the specific Perlesvaus tone from the very beginning of the romance.
Joanna Gorecka-Kalita
Romanica Cracoviensia, Tom 22, Numer 4, Tom 22 (2022), s. 365 - 376
https://doi.org/10.4467/20843917RC.22.033.16198Spleen and ideal. The concept of the fin’amor in Thomas’ Tristan
The concept of fin’amor in Thomas’ Tristan is traditionally subject to two interpretations: either it is glorified as a religion, with lovers as its martyrs, or it is criticized within the framework of Christian principles. This paper proposes an alternative to such interpretative dichotomy: it attempts to prove that glorifying the fin’amor as an ideal does not mean idealizing the lovers. In fact, Thomas judges severely his characters not in the name of Christian religion but in the name of an entirely profane, yet highly spiritual ideal of courtly love. The lovers, although far from being its embodiment, still aspire and refer to it, suffering from their own imperfection. This tension is highlighted by the aesthetics of doubling characterizing Thomas’ writing.
Joanna Gorecka-Kalita
Romanica Cracoviensia, Tom 15, Numer 4, Tom 15 (2015), s. 260 - 269
https://doi.org/10.4467/20843917RC.15.019.4286
The article investigates two mysterious feminine figures appearing in the 13th century Old
French prose romance Le Haut Livre du Graal (Perlesvaus). Their ontological status, which
remains uncertain until the end, gives them, along with the sexual violence and castration
phantasms they incarnate, a highly troubling and uncanny aspect. The analysis highlights also
the textual strategies used by the author in order to create such an effect
Joanna Gorecka-Kalita
Studia Litteraria Universitatis Iagellonicae Cracoviensis, Volume 17, Issue 1, 2022, s. 25 - 36
https://doi.org/10.4467/20843933ST.22.004.15304Tristan i demon południa
Artykuł proponuje odczytanie średniowiecznych powieści o Tristanie autorstwa Béroula i Thomasa z Anglii w świetle doktryny acedii Ewagriusza z Pontu. Punktem wyjścia jest pojęcie „demona południa”, rozumianego przez Ewagriusza jako demon popychający mnicha do acedii – stanu apatii i duchowego odrętwienia. Dzisiaj terminem tym określa się często „kryzys wieku średniego”, dotykający żonatych mężczyzn i skłaniający ich do poszukiwań erotycznych i seksualnych. Analiza zmierza do udowodnienia, że początków pomieszania tych dwóch pojęć można szukać już w średniowiecznej legendzie Tristana, zwłaszcza w wersji Thomasa. W istocie, często przywoływana melancholia Tristana przypomina acedię zdefiniowaną przez Ewagriusza, z jej podstawowymi cechami – niestabilnością, niestałością, pragnieniem nowości i wiecznym poczuciem niespełnienia.
ABSTRACT
Tristan and the Noonday Demon
The paper analyses medieval Tristan romances by Béroul and Thomas of Britain in the light of Evagrius of Pontus’doctrine of acedia. The starting point is the concept of ‘Noonday Demon’: understood by Evagrius as the devil tempting the monk into acedia –a state of listlessness and spiritual torpor. It is used today to describe a ‘midlife crisis’ affecting married men in their erotic and sexual behaviour. The analysis tends to prove that the confusion between these two meanings can be traced back to the medieval Tristan legend, especially in Thomas’ version: in fact, Tristan’s supposed melancholy resembles acedia as defined by Evagrius, with its essential characteristics: instability, inconstancy, desire of novelty and perpetual dissatisfaction.