The space of nature may be understood in a dichotomous way. Traditionally, it was interpreted as an “external” space both in relation to the human being, and city space. As a specific type of “internal space”, during the period of the Enlightenment, the space of nature became an instrument of social integration and a levelling force of social inequalities. The process of internalization of nature is reflected in the projects of utopian cities.

The devastation of the natural environment which took place in the 20th century, contributed to an increase of interest in the problems of nature. On the other hand, it also contributed to the creation of a specific type of defensive attitude, resulting from the need to conduct a current struggle with ecological threats. One could observe a lack of great ideas and narrations concern­ing green spaces and nature. What turned out to be a great breakthrough point was the development of the conception of biodiversity. The latter conception arose as a counter-reaction to the processes of ever increasing extinction of certain species of plants and animals. The postulate of broadening the spectrum of biological diversity may find its reflection in the postulate of broadening the diversity of architectural forms. In this way, there arises architecture which is co-shared with nature.

Przestrzeń natury może być odbierana w dychotomiczny sposób. Tradycyjnie odczytywano ją jako przestrzeń „zewnętrzną”, zarówno w stosunku do istoty ludzkiej, jak i do przestrzeni miasta. W epoce Oświecenia staje się przestrzeń natury instrumentem integracji więzi społecznych i niwelacji nierówności jako swego rodzaju „przestrzeń wewnętrzna”. Proces internalizacji natury odzwierciedla się w projektach miast utopijnych.

Dewastacja środowiska naturalnego w XX wieku wpłynęła na rozwój zainteresowania problemami natury. Z drugiej strony przyczyniła się do powstania swego rodzaju postawy defensywnej, wynikającej z konieczności bieżącej walki z zagrożeniami ekologicznymi. Można było zaobserwować brak wielkich idei i narracji dotyczących zieleni i natury. Przełomem stał się rozwój koncepcji bioróżnorodności. Koncepcja ta powstała jako reakcja na procesy wzmożonego wymierania gatunków niektórych roślin i zwierząt. Postulatowi rozszerzaniu spektrum różnorodności biologicznej może odpowiadać postulat poszerzania spektrum różnorodności form architektonicznych. Powstaje w ten sposób architektura współdzielona z naturą.

Towards architecture shared with nature

Summary

The space of nature may be understood in a dichotomous way. Traditionally, it was interpreted as an “external” space both in relation to the human being, and city space. As a specific type of “internal space”, during the period of the Enlightenment, the space of nature became an instrument of social integration and a levelling force of social inequalities. The process of internalization of nature is reflected in the projects of utopian cities. The devastation of the natural environment which took place in the 20th century, contributed to an increase of interest in the problems of nature. On the other hand, it also contributed to the creation of a specific type of defensive attitude, resulting from the need to conduct a current struggle with ecological threats. One could observe a lack of great ideas and narrations concerning green spaces and nature. What turned out to be a great breakthrough point was the development of the conception of biodiversity. The latter conception arose as a counter-reaction to the processes of ever increasing extinction of certain species of plants and animals. The postulate of broadening the spectrum of biological diversity may find its reflection in the postulate of broadening the diversity of architectural forms. In this way, there arises architecture which is co-shared with nature.