Kamil Jezierski

RECENZJA
Dryll E., Cierpka A. (2011), Psychologia narracyjna. Tożsamość, dialogowość, pogranicza
Warszawa: Wydawnictwo Eneteia

Cation exchange capacity of soils developed on various bedrock in the Stołowe Mountains

The effective cation exchange capacity in the surface layers of soils in the Stołowe Mountains reached mean values of 8–10 cmol(+) kg-1, of which up to 60% is exchangeable aluminum. The sum of base cations depends on the organic carbon content and particle-size distribution, related to the parent rock type. The largest sum is in soils derived from Cretaceous mudstones, followed by Permian sandstones and granite, whereas the smallest – from the Cretaceous sandstones. Among the soils derived from mudstones, Dystric Cambisols have the smallest base cation sum (2–2.5 cmol(+) kg-1), Luvisols have a two-fold higher and Eutric Cambisols – a three-fold higher one. The mean base saturation achieved 60% in Eutric Cambisols and 45% in Luvisols, while in Dystric Cambisols developed both from mudstones, Permian sandstones and granites it was on average 25% only. The sum of exchangeable base cations and base saturation in soils clearly differentiate the trophic status of forest habitats in the Stołowe Mountains, reflecting the interactions of geology and typological soil-forming processes.

Zarys treści: Efektywna pojemność wymiany kationów w powierzchniowych warstwach gleb Gór Stołowych oscyluje wokół 8–10 cmol(+) kg-1, z czego aż do 60% zajmuje glin wymienny. Suma kationów zasadowych zależy od zawartości materii organicznej oraz od uziarnienia gleb, powiązanego z rodzajem skały macierzystej. Największa jest w glebach wytworzonych zwietrzelin mułowców kredowych, mniejsza z piaskowców permskich i granitów, najmniejsza z piaskowców kredowych. Spośród gleb wytworzonych z mułowców najuboższe w kationy zasadowe (2–2,5 cmol(+) kg-1) są gleby brunatne kwaśne. Gleby płowe mają sumę kationów zasadowych dwu-, a gleby brunatne właściwe – trzykrotnie wyższą. Wysycenie kompleksu sorpcyjnego zasadami osiąga 60% w glebach brunatnych właściwych i 45–47% w glebach płowych, a w glebach brunatnych kwaśnych, wytworzonych zarówno z mułowców, jak i granitów oraz piaskowców permskich, tylko 25%. Suma wymiennych kationów zasadowych oraz stopień wysycenia kationami zasadowymi wyraźnie różnicują warunki troficzne siedlisk leśnych Gór Stołowych, odzwierciedlając współoddziaływanie podłoża geologicznego i typologicznych procesów glebotwórczych.

Recenzja: Identity and Story. Creating Selfin Narrative. Red. D.P. McAdams, R. Josselson, A. Lieblich.

Washington: American Psychological Association, 2006

Recenzja: V. Zayas, C. Hazan (eds.) 2015, Bases of Adult Attachment: Linking Brain, Mind and Behavior. New Jork: Springer

Developmental Specificity of Childhood Memory Structure across the Adult Lifespan – Results of Narrative Research

Theories of autobiographical memory and narrative identity allow us to assume that childhood memory is represented in the mind of an adult person as a comprehensive period with its own unique characteristics that is subjected to changes during the lifespan. Based on the concept of the global coherence of life history, it was assumed that in later periods of life, childhood memories will be more elaborate and thus cognitively more accessible as well as organized temporally and logically in a more coherent story.

The use of narrative interview revealed differences between early, middle and late adulthood in the way the childhood memories are organized, as well as in the age-independent characteristics of the perceived childhood. The obtained results suggest that in late adulthood, childhood is recalled more extensively and more memories are logically organized, which is attributed to greater attention to the past resulting from the task of life summary. Regardless of the age of the respondents, less than half of the memories related logically to each other, with most of the text consisting of separate scenes not located in time. These findings raised the issue of the specificity of childhood memory and the universality of global coherence of life stories.

The identity issue in D.P. McAdams’ and E.H. Erikson approaches

The article investigates the relationship between narrative and psychosocial identity. Dan McAdams’ point of departure for his concept of narrative identity is Erik Erikson’s developmental model, based on whih he states that narrative identity as a globally coherent life story begins to emerge in adolescence and early adulthood. He refers to the same developmental factors as Erikson and stresses an analogical function: the integration of different elements of life. On the other hand, narrative self-understanding allows to include a personal change in time better than stable commitments.
The aforementioned premises inspired exploratory research on the relation of emerging life commitments and global coherence of self narratives. Examined adolescents constructed superficial coherent autonarratives without any relation to commitments, although commitments were positively related to thematic coherence based on self-refl ection. Causal understanding of personal change was rarely included in the stories (even by people with strong commitments).
The author argues that it is likely that at first there develops the conventional and superficial organization of an autonarrative whih is then structured on the refl ection of someone’s life. Although the integration of one’s life is common for both approaches to identity, understanding a personal change is probably more related to further developmental achievements than stable commitments.