Nr 2 (38)

2016

Publication date: 31.03.2017

Description

Digitalizacja czasopisma „Studia Judaica” Vol. 19 (2016) nr 2 (38) oraz tłumaczenie
na język angielski, proof-reading i redakcja tekstów anglojęzycznych zostały
sfinansowane w ramach umowy Nr 620/P-DUN/2016 ze środków Ministra Nauki
i Szkolnictwa Wyższego przeznaczonych na działalność upowszechniającą naukę.

Licence: None

Editorial team

Editor-in-Chief Stanisława Golinowska

Assistant Editor-in-chief: Stefan Gąsiorowski

Secretary Artur Markowski

Issue content

Wprowadzenie

Stefan Gąsiorowski

Studia Judaica, No 2 (38), 2016, pp. 195 - 197

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Security, Accommodation and Integration:

The “Law of the Land” and Jewish Privileges

in Old Poland

Anat Vaturi

Studia Judaica, No 2 (38), 2016, pp. 199 - 214

https://doi.org/10.4467/24500100STJ.16.009.6220

The article discusses royal privileges granted to the Jews in Old Poland and examines the jurisdiction over Jews from the new perspective of relations with Polish customary law—“Law of the Land.” More precisely, it analyzes the content and procedures of the clauses guaranteeing Jewish physical security and shows their connection with land law and the practice of district courts, a connection that contributed to the incorporation of the Jews into the Polish legal system and practice.

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They Are Like Jews: The Role of Jews in Inter-Confessional Christian Polemics in the Polish-Lithuanian Commonwealth

Judith Kalik

Studia Judaica, No 2 (38), 2016, pp. 215 - 228

https://doi.org/10.4467/24500100STJ.16.010.6221

Jews often appear in Christian polemical literature as clichéd archheretics in the context of inter-confessional Christian polemics, rather than for their own sake, in a polemic directed against Judaism itself. In the multiethnic and multi-religious Polish-Lithuanian Commonwealth political conflicts often took the form of religious polemics, and religion served as a central channel for expressing not only religious feelings but also national and political identity. The use of Jews in polemical literature was widespread and can be found in Orthodox polemics directed against the union with Rome, Uniates’ defense of the union, Catholic-Protestant polemics in the context of the Counter-Reformation and in other contexts. This paper examines such use of Jews in inter confessional Christian polemics in the Polish-Lithuanian Commonwealth.

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Żydowscy celnicy w Wielkim Księstwie Litewskim

w XVII–XVIII wieku

Maria Cieśla

Studia Judaica, No 2 (38), 2016, pp. 229 - 249

https://doi.org/10.4467/24500100STJ.16.011.6222

The purpose of this article is to show the Jewish involvement in the toll collection in the Grand Duchy of Lithuania in the seventeenth and eighteenth centuries. The following aspects are explored: the legal position, the financial involvement and conditions of the everyday work of the Jewish toll collectors, as well as the conflicts connected with this profession. The author based her research upon mostly unknown primary sources, including Lithuanian treasury documents and different court acts. Upon examination of those sources it becomes clear that the Jews played a significant role in the tax collection in the Grand Duchy of Lithuania in that period. What is more, not only members of the economic elite were involved in the cooperation with the state treasury

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THE PORTRAYAL OF JEWS IN SEVENTEENTH- AND EIGHTEENTH-CENTURY

MONASTERY CHRONICLES FROM THE POLISH-LITHUANIAN COMMONWEALTH

ON THE BASIS OF SELECTED EXAMPLES

Stefan Gąsiorowski

Studia Judaica, No 2 (38), 2016, pp. 251 - 273

https://doi.org/10.4467/24500100STJ.16.012.6223

Monastery chronicles from the Polish-Lithuanian Commonwealth provide valuable insight not only into the history of individual orders and the Polish clergy in general, but also into the history of mentality, daily life and religious and ethnic minorities. Although references to Jews are rather sporadic in such chronicles, they are nevertheless quite diverse and concern almost all aspects of Jewish activity in Poland and abroad. Therefore, they can serve as an excellent complement to other sources in the field, including Jewish ones, and those of various secular institutions and offices. It should be noted, however, that the credibility of the information contained in monastery chronicles is always dependent on the distance in time and space between the chronicler and the described events and should—if possible—be verified against other documentary sources from the

same period.

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Żydzi w Nowych Atenach Benedykta Chmielowskiego

Jerzy Kroczak

Studia Judaica, No 2 (38), 2016, pp. 275 - 299

https://doi.org/10.4467/24500100STJ.16.013.6224

Benedykt Chmielowski (1700–1763), a Catholic priest, the author of the New Athens encyclopaedia (extended edition: Lwów 1754–1756) included in his polyhistorical work plenty of information on issues related to Jews. The article discusses these issues and connects their specificity with the character of different parts of the work in which Chmielowski placed them as well as with the detected and secret sources of his knowledge about Jews (especially books by Early Modern scholars) and the ways he dealt with those sources. The author of the article also shows Chmielowski’s writing strategies, placing New Athens in the tradition of baroque encyclopaedism—a literary production typical of the previous epoch.

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Ostatnie auto da fé w Europie?

Sprawa Żyda Borocha Lejbowa

i kapitana-lejtnanta Aleksandra Woznicyna

oraz jej konsekwencje

Maciej Szkółka

Studia Judaica, No 2 (38), 2016, pp. 301 - 316

https://doi.org/10.4467/24500100STJ.16.014.6225

An unprecedented event took place in the Russian Empire in the second half of 1738. In the main square of St. Petersburg, a Jewish merchant, Boroch Leibov, and a Russian navy captain-lieutenant, Alexander Voznitsyn, were burned alive at the stake. Voznitsyn had met Leibov while staying in Moscow. Impressed by the teachings of his new acquaintance, he decided to convert to Judaism. The reason for this decision was probably the mental illness of the captain or his unconfirmed family ties with the fifteenth-century heresy of the Judaizers. Based on the Sobornoye Ulozheniye decree, both of them were sentenced to public burning for withdrawal from the Orthodox faith and blasphemy, in the case of Voznitsyn, and for persuading an Orthodox man to withdraw from his faith, in the case of Leibov. The trial of Boroch and Voznitsyn was widely reported in the whole Russian Empire and became the cause of rapid changes in the policy toward the Jews. Both Empress Anna Ioannovna, and after 1740 her successor, Elizabeth Petrovna, signed a number of decrees ordering the Jews to leave the borders of the Russian Empire.

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Współczesne syntezy dziejów Żydów w Polsce.

Próba przeglądu

Piotr J. Wróbel

Studia Judaica, No 2 (38), 2016, pp. 317 - 330

https://doi.org/10.4467/24500100STJ.16.015.6226

Po II wojnie światowej Polska stała się państwem jednolitym etnicznie. Mniejszości narodowe pozostały na terenach znajdujących się za przesuniętą granicą wschodnią, a ich członkowie w znacznej mierze ulegli eksterminacji, zostali zmuszeni do wyjazdu lub przesiedleni i rozproszeni na tzw. Ziemiach Odzyskanych. Narzucone Polsce władze zadbały, aby zanikła także pamięć o mniejszościach. Z wielu powodów szczególnie starannie i z dużym powodzeniem wymazywano pamięć o Żydach. Nie wiedziały o nich prawie nic dwa pokolenia młodych Polaków. Starsi unikali na ogół tego tematu. Sytuacja zmieniła się wraz z dezintegracją autorytarnego systemu rządzenia w Polsce. Wytworzona przez cenzurę i naciski polityczne intelektualna i informacyjna próżnia szybko się wypełniła. Od połowy lat osiemdziesiątych XX w. coraz więcej Polaków interesowało się historią Żydów, również liczba publikacji na ten temat rosła lawinowo. Obecnie Polska jest obok Stanów Zjednoczonych i Izraela jednym z najważniejszych światowych centrów badań nad przeszłością Żydów.

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Recenzje

Magdalena Bendowska, Jan Doktór, Amsterdam polskich Żydów. Stare druki hebrajskie ze zbiorów Żydowskiego Instytutu Historycznego, Żydowski Instytut Historyczny im. Emanuela Ringelbluma, Warszawa 2016, ss. 168 [98 ilustracji].

Andrzej Trzciński

Studia Judaica, No 2 (38), 2016, pp. 331 - 335

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Anna Michałowska-Mycielska, Sejm Żydów litewskich (1623–1764), Wydawnictwo Akademickie Dialog, Warszawa 2014, ss. 325, nlb. 1.

Stefan Gąsiorowski

Studia Judaica, No 2 (38), 2016, pp. 335 - 340

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Adam Teller, Money, Power, and Influence in Eighteenth-Century Lithuania: The Jews on the Radziwiłł Estates, Stanford University Press, Stanford 2016, ss. XVIII, 310.

Marcin Wodziński

Studia Judaica, No 2 (38), 2016, pp. 340 - 344

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Przemysław Zarubin, Żydzi w aglomeracji Krakowa w czasach stanisławowskich. Przemiany prawne, gospodarcze i społeczne, Księgarnia Akademicka, Kraków 2012, ss. 403, il.

Jacek Wijaczka

Studia Judaica, No 2 (38), 2016, pp. 344 - 348

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Natalie Naimark-Goldberg, Jewish Women in Enlightenment Berlin, The Littman Library of Jewish Civilization, Oxford–Portland 2013, ss. XIII, 344.

Anna Michałowska-Mycielska

Studia Judaica, No 2 (38), 2016, pp. 348 - 353

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Jüdische Gemeindestatuten aus dem aschkenasischen Kulturraum 1650–1850, wyd. Stefan Litt, Vandenhoeck & Ruprecht, Göttingen 2014, ss. 562 („Archiv jüdischer Geschichte und Kultur”, Bd. 1).

Anna Michałowska-Mycielska

Studia Judaica, No 2 (38), 2016, pp. 353 - 356

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Jan Schwarz, Survivors and Exiles: Yiddish Culture after the Holocaust,
Wayne State University Press, Detroit 2015, 356 pp.

Barbara Törnquist-Plewa

Studia Judaica, No 2 (38), 2016, pp. 356 - 360

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Table of content PDF Strona redakcyjna UNKOWN Oświadczenie UNKOWN

Słowa kluczowe: privileges, land law, security, oath, penalties, accommodation, integration, law enforcement, Old Poland, Union of Brześć, religious polemics, halakha, Sabbatian movement, Hussite movement, Arians, Kabbalah, Jewish toll collectors, Jewish economic elites, monastery chronicles, converts, host desecration, ritual murders, tenants., encyclopaedism, New Athens, Benedykt Chmielowski, trial, burn, Russian Empire, Judaism.

No 2 (38)

2016 Next

Issue content

Recenzje

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2016