The paper presents a chronological and thematic juxtaposition and discussion of Feliks Kucharzewski’s publications on higher technical education, curricula, technical universities in Western countries and Russia, as well as their history and development trends. It emphasizes the fact that the extensive collection of his publications (from the end of the 19^th to the first decades of the 20^thcentury) served first to popularize the idea of establishing a Polish technical university in Warsaw, and then to shape its organization and graduates’ profiles in accordance with the best western standards and the needs of the Polish economy.

Kucharzewski participated in all activities aimed at establishing a Polish technical university. He initiated discussions on this initiative and endeavoured to retain such an idea in the public awareness and concretised it. He recalled previous Polish attempts and achievements in this area, as well as promoted best practices from other countries. Kucharzewski was one of the most active team members creating projects of both the Tsar Nicolas II Warsaw Polytechnic Institute in 1898 and Warsaw University of Technology in 1915. He also participated in the creation of curricula for both universities. His extensive activity was refl ected in numerous readings and writings discussed in this paper. His exceptional contribution to the creation of Warsaw University of Technology was appreciated by its community, which granted him the title of the honorary professor.

Jean Dominique Larrey, one of the most eminent surgeons of the turn of 18^th and 19^th century and the creator of medical emergency aid, often came in contact with Poles serving in the Napoleonic Army. He came to Poland twice, and his actions in January 1807 were an impulse to create first a military, and in 1809, a civilian Medical School in Warsaw. His experiences from the campaign of 1806–1807 were also a reason for two texts that he included in his Memoires. The article is devoted to his connections with Poles and Poland.

The article concerns the circumstances of the creation of neurology and psychiatry faculties at the Stefan Batory University in Vilnius, established in 1919. It presents the difficult working conditions of the teaching faculties created after the Partitions period – the strive for the correct equipment, localization and staff. It examines the changes in those two faculties in the period of 15 years, until they were merged into one administrative structure in 1934. It also shows the scientific and didactic efforts of those faculties, underlining the independence of the teaching from the usual European approaches to neurology and psychiatry. The article is based on the analysis if the sources taken from the Vilnius archives.

Ludwik Młokosiewicz was a collaborator of the Zoological Cabinet of Warsaw and an explorer of the Caucasian nature. The Caucasian specimens he collected can be found in several naturalist collections all over Europe. The author undertook the research of Młokosiewicz’s traces in Paris for two reasons: firstly, because of the relationship between the National Museum of Natural History (MNHN) and the Zoological Cabinet of Warsaw; secondly, because of Ludwik Młokosiewicz’s visit in Paris in 1875. Besides the specimens in the collection of the MNHN (which include the holotype of the Caucasian salamander), the author found only one letter from Ludwik Młokosiewicz to Jerzy Wandalin Mniszech. The subject of this letter is the trade of beetles and the project of an expedition to Georgia and Armenia.

One of the most important parts of the telephone are electro-acoustic converters, that is – microphones and earphones. At the beginning of the development of telephone, in the 19^th century, when there were no amplifiers available for the technology, providing sufficient volume of voice transmission was not as easy as at the beginning of 20^th century, when the vacuum tube was invented. The article is concerned with the part that was played in this process by Polish inventors, Henryk Machalski and Julian Ochorowicz.

This article contains the review of Polish-language sources on structural fire protection in Polish territories in the discussed period. Polish and foreign authors, architects, builders and building experts described the problem of fire protection in published handbooks and articles in scientific magazines in that period. Newspaper articles are an additional source of knowledge about fire protection procedures, especially in the case of houses, farms and agricultural buildings. Fires broke out most often in those places, causing social and economic problems. In order to show that the technological solutions and building materials of the Enlightenment era were also used at the beginning of 20^thcentury, some interwar period sources are also discussed. Clay and fat soil in different forms were most often used to protect buildings, because they were easy to access, and the cost of manufacture was very low. Later, thanks to the development of chemical science during Enlightenment revolution, chemical retardants were gradually employed and are still used today. Due to the development of metallurgy industry, steel and cast iron were most commonly used for fire protection. However, it was quickly discovered that those materials also need protection, just as wood. To emphasize the importance of the problem and its relevance today, obligatory law and technical solution applied in 21^st century are quoted whenever possible.