The author has analysed and translated the judgment of the European Court of Human Rights of 11 July 2022 in the case of Kavala v. Turkey, application no. 28749/18, made on under the infringement procedure. In this judgment, the Court pointed out a number of previously unarticulated theses on: the enforcement of its judgments, the infringement procedure, the relationship between the Committee of Ministers and the Court, as well as the role of conducting the infringement procedure itself when the Committee of Ministers considers that a State Party to the Convention is refusing to comply with its obligation to respect an issued judgment. The ruling may therefore have significance for a number of cases, including Polish ones, in which states do not comply with the execution of ECHR verdicts.