The Assistance of Canada and the Polish Diaspora in Canada to Polish Immigrants in the 1980s and 1990s
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RIS BIB ENDNOTEThe Assistance of Canada and the Polish Diaspora in Canada to Polish Immigrants in the 1980s and 1990s
Publication date: 12.2018
Migration Studies – Review of Polish Diaspora, 2018 (XLIV), Vol. 170, Issue 4, pp. 59 - 75
https://doi.org/10.4467/25444972SMPP.18.046.9448Authors
The Assistance of Canada and the Polish Diaspora in Canada to Polish Immigrants in the 1980s and 1990s
In the 1980s and 1990s, Canada accepted more than 115,000 Polish immigrants. Some of them went through refugee camps in Western Europe, some arrived in Canada from the U.S., and there were also those who came directly from Poland. This great infl ux of Poles to Canada was caused by a confl uence of factors. The most vital was obviously the economic and political situation in Poland, but Canada’s immigration policy also played a signifi cant role, particularly the new regulations enacted in 1978. They gave temporary preferences for East-European Self-Exiled Persons – those who left the Communist bloc and could not or did not want to return to their home countries. It is worth emphasizing that the Self-Exiled class formally existed in Canada until as late as 1990. Moreover, the new Canadian regulations enabled admitting immigrants who were sponsored by Canadian residents. This allowed the Canadian Polish Congress (CPC), following the1981 agreement with the Minister of Employment and Immigration, to act as a guarantor to persons and institutions bringing in immigrants. With the cooperation of the CPC, ethnic organizations, and Roman Catholic Church institutions, a network of Polish information and aid centers was established in Canada. They were actively supporting the Canadian system of assistance for new immigrants, helping the newly arrived to adapt to life in a new country.
Primary sources:
1981 Census of Canada. Ethnicity. Place of Birth. Citizenship. Income, Statistic Canada, [Ottawa 1983]. https://ia600500.us.archive.org/26/items/198193F0036XPE1983eng/198193F0036XPE1983eng.pdf [Accessed 24.10.2017].
Canadian Polish Congers in Toronto (CPC Toronto archive), collection not catalogued.
- Chronicle of Cooperation. An Account of the Joint Eff orts of the Canada Employment and Immigration Commission and the Canadian Polish Congress to Assist Polish Refugees, [Toronto, June 1984, printed material].
- Rok 40-lecia Kongresu Polonii Kanadyjskiej [duplicated typescript, n. a., Toronto 1984].
Jadwiga Gaszyńska’s private collection, Toronto, medical courses documentation.
Kronika Emigracyjna – Ilość ksiąg 3 (lata 1980–1992), K. Grzywalska, (ed.) – duplicated material, [Mississauga, n. d.]
Nina Skoczyńska’s privat collection,Toronto.
Interviews:
Interview with L.W., Toronto 16.08. 2016.
Interview with sister Alicja Kwiecień, Toronto 14.08. 2017.
Interview with T. E., Toronto, 30.07. 2016.
Interview with X.X., Gdynia, 17.09. 2017.
Secondary Sources:
A Hundred Years of Immigration to Canada 1900–1999 (Part 2), http://ccrweb.ca/en/hundredyears-immigration-canada-part-2.
Cieplik A.(1991), Ontario Welcome House, Dowtown Toronto (Transcript) in: Kott T., Celiński M., Trojanowska T. (ed.), Polonia 2000: Strategies for Participation in Canadian Life, [Toronto], pp. 86 – 87.
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Geddes J. (2016), Lloyd Axwotrhy: A Politician Who Thinks Globally, and Act Locally, “Maclean’s”, February 23, http://www.macleans.ca/politics/ottawa/lloyd-axworthy-a-politician-who-thinks-globally-and-acts-locally/ .
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Informator dla nowo przybyłych. Usługi w Ontario / Newcomers Guide to Services in Ontario (Polish), Tinglin W. ed., (1981), [Toronto]: Ontario Ministry of Citizenship and Culture.
Kogler R. (1985), The Poles in Canada: Present and Future, in: Heydenkorn B. (ed.), A Community in Transition. The Polish Group in Canada, Toronto: Canadian Polish Research Institute, pp. 257–281.
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Lloyd Axworthy in: Historica Canada, http://www.thecanadianencyclopedia.ca/en/article/lloydaxworthy/.
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Zybała S., Drugie ćwierćwiecze 1973–1997, in: Reduta Ottawska, http://www.spkottawa.ca/polski/reduta/reduta_9.html
Information: Migration Studies – Review of Polish Diaspora, 2018 (XLIV), Vol. 170, Issue 4, pp. 59 - 75
Article type: Original article
Titles:
The Assistance of Canada and the Polish Diaspora in Canada to Polish Immigrants in the 1980s and 1990s
The Assistance of Canada and the Polish Diaspora in Canada to Polish Immigrants in the 1980s and 1990s
Jagiellonian University, Krakow, Poland, Gołębia 24, 31-007 Kraków, Poland
Published at: 12.2018
Article status: Open
Licence: None
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Number of downloads: 1241