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Hélène Sparrow-Germa, a Polish-French biologist in the Resistance at the Pasteur Institute

Data publikacji: 2023

Prace Historyczne, 2023, Numer 150 (3), s. 519 - 531

https://doi.org/10.4467/20844069PH.23.029.18534

Autorzy

Jean-Charles Foucrier
Université Paris-Sorbonne – Paris IV
https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5623-571X Orcid
Wszystkie publikacje autora →

Tytuły

Hélène Sparrow-Germa, a Polish-French biologist in the Resistance at the Pasteur Institute

Abstrakt

Hélène Sparrow-Germa (1891–1970) was a renowned French-Polish microbiologist, specialist in infectious diseases. Professor at the University of Warsaw, then member of the Pasteur Institute of Tunis, she was particularly dedicated to the struggle against typhus, having tried to get an effective vaccine to overcome the plague still deadly in the first years of the twentieth century. Hélène Sparrow devised an ambitious strategy, developing a sanitary fender on the eastern border of Poland against the spread of epidemics from Russia. The story of this French-Polish doctor is also repeatedly characterised by the ordeal of war. Willingly confronted with extreme and highly dangerous situations, Hélène Sparrow devoted herself to treating and helping wounded and sick soldiers, offering them protection and assistance. Often risking her own life, she showed a remarkable temerity reflecting her highly charismatic personality.

Bibliografia

Archival Documents

Archives from Pasteur Institute

FR AIP DUR, Paul Durand (1886–1960)

FR AIP GRP, Paul Giroud (1898–1989)

FR AIP SPA, Hélène Sparrow (1891–1970)

Literature

Allen A., The Fantastic Laboratory of Dr. Weigl, New York 2014.

Aziz Ph., Les Médecins de la Mort, vol. III: Des Cobayes par millions, Genève 1976.

Chevassus-au-Louis N., “La Résistance à L’Institut Pasteur (1940–1944) – Une confrontation de la mémoire pastorienne aux sources archivistiques,” Bulletin de l’Association des Anciens élèves de L’Institut Pasteur 2007, no. 92, pp. 118–127.

Chwalba A., 1914–1918: An Anatomy of Global Conflict, Krakow 2014.

Foucrier J.-Ch., La Guerre des scientifiques, Paris 2019.

Gide A., Journal 1939–1949, vol. II, Paris 1954.

Goodall E.W., “Typhus Fever in Poland 1916–1919,” Section of Epidemiology and State Medicine 1920, no. 13, pp. 261–276.

Kogon E., L’État SS, Paris 1993.

Kryński S., “Rudolf Weigl (1883–1957),” Medycyna Doświadczalna i Mikrobiologia 1967, no. 19, pp. 233–239.

Lamy M., “Une épopée pastorienne : l’annexe de la Roche Beaulieu de 1941 à 1975,” Bulletin de l’Association des anciens élèves de l’Institut Pasteur 2002, no. 173, pp. 181–186.

Lindenmann J., “Women Scientists in Typhus Research during the First Half of the Twentieth Century,” Gesnerus 2005, no. 62, pp. 257–272.

Mathis M., La vie des poux, Paris 1955.

Morange M., Pasteur, Paris 2014.

Patterson D.K., “Typhus and Its Control in Russia, 1870–1940,” Medical History 1993, no. 37 (4), pp. 361–381.

Perrot A., Schwartz M., Pasteur à la plage. Le monde des microbes dans un transat, Paris 2022.

Perrot A., Schwartz M., Pasteur. L’homme et le savant, Paris 2022.

Perrot A., Schwartz M., Pasteur et Koch. Un duel de géants dans le monde des microbes, Paris 2014.

Perrot A., Schwartz M., Pasteur et ses lieutenants. Roux, Yersin et les autres, Paris 2013.

Polak A. et al., Typhus Works of Rudolf Weigl, PhD, Ludwik Fleck, MD, and Eugeniusz Łazowski, MD, against the Nazis, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.clindermatol.2022.02.016 [accessed: 2 December 2022].

Soulier J.-P., Jacques Monod. Le choix de l’objectivité, Paris 1997.

Sparrow H., “Immunization against Scarlet Fever with the Aid of the Scarlet Fever Toxoid,” Comptes Rendus des Séances de la Societé de Biologie et de ses filiales 1927, no. 97, pp. 957–959.

Sparrow H., “Etude du foyer éthiopien de fièvre récurrente,” Bulletin of the World Health Organization 1958, no. 19, pp. 673–710.

Sparrow H., Nicolle C., “Application au cobaye et à l’homme de la méthode de vaccination contre le typhus exanthématique par emploi d’intestins phéniqués de poux (méthode de Weigl),” Archives de l’Institut Pasteur de Tunis 1932, no. 21, pp. 25–31.

Sroka S.T., “Sparrow (Sparrow-Kügelgen, Sparrow-Germa) Helena (1891–1970),” Polski Słownik Biograficzny 2002, t. XLI, pp. 39–40.

Zaorska B., “Helena Sparrow-Germa (1891–1970),” Postępy Mikrobiologii 1995, no. 2, pp. 115–119.

Informacje

Informacje: Prace Historyczne, 2023, Numer 150 (3), s. 519 - 531

Typ artykułu: Oryginalny artykuł naukowy

Autorzy

https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5623-571X

Jean-Charles Foucrier
Université Paris-Sorbonne – Paris IV
https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5623-571X Orcid
Wszystkie publikacje autora →

Université Paris-Sorbonne – Paris IV

Publikacja: 2023

Status artykułu: Otwarte __T_UNLOCK

Licencja: CC BY  ikona licencji

Udział procentowy autorów:

Jean-Charles Foucrier (Autor) - 100%

Korekty artykułu:

-

Języki publikacji:

Angielski