Disinformation. An attempt at a discursive approach
cytuj
pobierz pliki
RIS BIB ENDNOTEWybierz format
RIS BIB ENDNOTEData publikacji: 2023
Media Biznes Kultura, 2023, Numer 1 (14) 2023, s. 25 - 41
Autorzy
Disinformation. An attempt at a discursive approach
The categories of disinformation and fake news are among the more frequently invoked concepts in the context of discussions about modernity. On the one hand, there is widespread agreement on the special (negative) role of media phenomena defined in this way, while on the other hand, a lot of research is being conducted to shed light on their nature and principles of operation. Meanwhile, there is a fundamental – at least from the point of view of the social sciences – problem with these concepts. Namely, we do not have their precise definitions. The presented text has the task of analysing the state of affairs in this regard and proposing an adequate approach. This approach, in fact, identifies the category of disinformation with the category of fake news (in the broader sense), while pointing out the constitutive features of both these phenomena, related to the categories of truth, intention and media format. These features are analysed in the context of the category of the media genre of information (more specifically, the information function understood in a pragmatic way) and the discursive framework of journalism, into which, as will be shown in the text, disinformation attempts to intrude.
Ardèvol-Abreu A., Influence of Fake News Exposure on Perceived Media Bias: The Moderating Role of Party Identity, ‘International Journal of Communication’ 2022 [S.l.], Vol. 16, p. 22.
Baptista J.P, Gradim A., Understanding Fake News Consumption: A Review, Social Science & Medicine 2020, No. 9, p. 185.
Baptista J.P., Gradim A., Who Believes in Fake News? Identification of Political (A)Symmetries, Social Sciences 2022, No. 11, p. 460.
Bauer Z., Gatunki dziennikarskie [in:] Dziennikarstwo i świat mediów, red. Z. Bauer, E. Chudziński, Towarzystwo Autorów i Wydawców Prac Naukowych „Universitas”, Kraków 2008.
Bednarek M., Caple H, The Discourse of News Values. How News Organisations Create Newsworthiness, Oxford University Press, Oxford 2017.
Bennett W.L., Livingston S., A Brief History of the Disinformation Age: Information Wars and the Decline of Institutional Authority [in:] The Disinformation Age, eds W.L. Bennett, S. Livingston, Cambridge University Press, Cambridge 2020, pp. 3-40.
Carillo K., Scornavacca E., Za S., The role of media dependency in predicting continuance intention to use ubiquitous media systems, “Information & Management”, 2017, Vol. 54, No. 3, pp. 317-335.
Cegieła A., Mowa nienawiści (Hate speech), ‚Poradnik językowy’ 2020, no. 44, pp. 60-70.
Chong D., Druckman J. N., A theory of framing and opinion formation in competitive elite environments, Journal of Communication 2007, Vol. 57(1), pp. 99-118.
Chrudzimski A., John R. Searle’s Theory of Intentionality and Mind, Philosophical Review – New Series 1995, z. 4.
Coady D., The Fake News about Fake News [in:] The Epistemology of Fake News, ed. S. Bernecker, M. K. Flowerree, T. Grundman, Oxford University Press, Oxford 2021.
Cortada J.W., Aspray W., Fake News Nation. The Long History of Misinformation and Lies in America, Rowman & Littlefield, New York 2019.
Cover R., Haw A., Thompson J.D., Fake News in Digital Cultures. Technology, Populism and Digital Misinformation, Emerald Publishing, Bingley 2022.
Cymanow-Sosin K., Hate speech – an ethical framework for communication and subjective responsibility towards fighting words, “Media Studies” 2018, no. 3, pp. 117-126.
Detecting Fake News on Social Media, eds K. Shu, H. Liu, Morgan & Claypool Publishers, Kentfield 2019.
Disinformation through the eyes of Poles 2022, Digital Poland Foundation, https://digitalpoland.org/publikacje/pobierz?id=4f2e2116-82a6-47b5-a984-801b5e704b56 (accessed 21.05.2023).
Disinformation around war: global narratives and trends, Demagogue, 19.03.2022, https://demagog.org.pl/analizy_i_raporty/dezinformacja-wokol-wojny-w-ukrainie-swiatowe-narracje-i-trendy/ (accessed 21.05.2023).
Digital News Report 2022, Reuters Institute, https://reutersinstitute.politics.ox.ac.uk/digital-news-report/2022 (accessed 21.05.2023).
Guo L., Vargo C., ‘Fake News’ and Emerging Online Media Ecosystem: An Integrated Intermedia Agenda-Setting Analysis of the 2016 U.S. Presidential Election, in Communication Research 2020, no. 47(2), 178-200.
Kamboj S., Applying uses and gratifications theory to understand customer participation in social media brand communities: Perspective of media technology, ‘Asia Pacific Journal of Marketing and Logistics’ 2020, Vol. 32, No. 1, pp. 205-231.
Kępa-Figura D., Pragmatic aspects of genre (on the example of journalistic information) [in:] Contemporary media. Genres in the media. Prace dedykowane Profesor Maria Wojtak, vol. 1: Theoretical issues. Gatunki w mediach drukowanych, ed. I. Hofman, D. Kępa-Figura, Wydawnictwo Uniwersytetu Marii Curie-Skłodowskiej, Lublin 2017.
Khan A., Brohman K., Addas S., The anatomy of ‘fake news’: Studying false messages as digital objects, Journal of Information Technology 2022, Vol. 37, pp. 122-143.
Knobloch-Westerwick S., The Selective Exposure Self- and Affect-Management (SESAM) Model: Applications in the Realms of Race, Politics, and Health, in Communication Research 2015, no. 42(7), 959-985.
Knobloch-Westerwick S., Hastall M.R., Please Your Self: Social Identity Effects on Selective Exposure to News About in- and Out-Groups, Journal of Communication 2010, Vol. 60, Vol. 3, September 2010, pp. 515-535.
Knobloch-Westerwick S., Sharma N., Hansen D.L., Alter S., Impact of Popularity Indications on Readers’ Selective Exposure to Online News, Journal of Broadcasting & Electronic Media 2005, no. 49(3), pp. 296-313.
Knobloch S., Zillmann D., Mood Management via the Digital Jukebox, Journal of Communication, Vol. 52, No. 2, June 2002, pp. 351-366.
Lazer M.P., Baum M.A., Benkler Y., Berinsky A.J., Greenhill K.M., Menczer, F., et al, The science of fake news, ‘Science’ 2018, no. 359, pp. 1094-1096.
Molina M.D., Sundar S.S, Le T., Lee D., “’Fake news’ is not simply false information: a conceptual explication and taxonomy of online content,” The American Behavioral Scientist (Beverly Hills). 2021, Vol. 65(2), pp. 180-212.
Morgan M., Shanahan J., The State of Cultivation, Journal of Broadcasting & Electronic Media 2010, Vol. 54(2), pp. 337-355.
O’Shaughnessy N., From Disinformation to Fake News: Forward into the Past [in:] The Sage Handbook of Propaganda, eds P. Baines, N. O’Shaughnessy, N. Sno, Sage, London 2020, pp. 58-59.
Piekot T., Dyskurs polskich wiadomości prasowych, Universitas, Kraków 2006.
First wave of COVID-19 intensified media discussion of post-truth, Institute for Media Monitoring, 9.03.2021, https://www.imm.com.pl/pierwsza-fala-covid-19-nasilila-medialna-dyskusje-o-postprawdzie/ (accessed 21.05.2023).
Sampat B., Raj S., Fake or real news? Understanding the gratifications and personality traits of individuals sharing fake news on social media platforms, ‘Aslib Journal of Information Management’ 2022.
Sauer N., ‘Fake news’ declared word of the year 2017, Politico, 2.11.2017, https://wiadomosci.onet.pl/swiat/fake-news-ogloszone-slowem-roku-2017/ztm0l8b (accessed 21.05.2023).
Scheufele D.A., Agenda-Setting, Priming, and Framing Revisited: Another Look at Cognitive Effects of Political Communication, ‘Mass Communication & Society’ 2000, no. 3, pp. 297-316.
Stasiuk-Krajewska K., Media i dziennikarstwo. Struktury dyskursu i hegemonia, Dom Wydawniczy Elipsa, Warsaw 2019.
Sutherland A.D., Dykstra-DeVette T.A., Constructing Identification and Division through Fake News Reports of Refugees, ‘Language, Discours & Society’ 2018, Vol. 6, No. 1, pp. 19-31.
Tandoc E.C., Lim Z.W., Ling R., Defining ‘Fake News’: A typology of scholarly definitions, Digital Journalism 2018, Vol. 6(2), pp. 137-153.
The Disinformation Age. Politics, Technology over Disruptive Communication in the United States, eds. W.L. Bennet, S. Livingston, Cambridge University Press, Cambridge 2021.
The Psychology of Fake News. Accepting, Sharing and Correcting Misinfomration, ed. R. Greifender,
Vosoughi S., Roy D., Aral S., The spread of true and false news online, Science 2018, Vol. 359, No. 6380, pp. 1146-1151.
Wardle C., Derakhshan H., Information disorder: Toward an interdisciplinary framework for research and policy making, ref. 162317GBR, 27 September. Council of Europe, 2017, https://edoc.coe.int/en/media/7495-information-disorder-toward-an-interdisciplinary-framework-forresearch-and-policy-making.html (accessed 12.01.2023).
Informacje: Media Biznes Kultura, 2023, Numer 1 (14) 2023, s. 25 - 41
Typ artykułu: Oryginalny artykuł naukowy
SWPS Uniwersytet Humanistycznospołeczny, ul. Chodakowska 19/31, 03-815 Warszawa
Publikacja: 2023
Status artykułu: Otwarte
Licencja: CC BY
Udział procentowy autorów:
Korekty artykułu:
-Języki publikacji:
AngielskiLiczba wyświetleń: 6
Liczba pobrań: 4