FAQ

„Śmiał się, gdy mu wyrzynali serce”. Etos heroicznej śmierci wikinga a emocje

Publication date: 2024

History Notebooks, 2024, Issue 151 (2), pp. 303-315

https://doi.org/10.4467/20844069PH.24.021.20437

Authors

Renata Leśniakiewicz-Drzymała
Jagiellonian University in Kraków
, Poland
https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4972-5806 Orcid
All publications →

Download full text

Titles

„Śmiał się, gdy mu wyrzynali serce”. Etos heroicznej śmierci wikinga a emocje

Abstract

In the war-centered culture of the Vikings, the ethos of heroic death occupied a special place. The measure of a warrior’s worth was not his victory, but his final defeat and the way he left this world, showing no fear or regret, presenting an attitude of cold contempt of pain. The source material shows, however, that although the characters, being under the pressure of cultural pattern, do not openly reveal their emotions accompanying death, they betray them through somatic symptoms that are beyond their conscious control, theatrical gestures or surprising behavior. Feelings such as joy at the upcoming revenge, surprise, grief, anger and envy for the survivors unexpectedly show the ethos of heroic death and the people of the Viking Age in a slightly different light than they are usually perceived in.

References

Download references
Źródła

Atlakviða [w:] Eddukvæði. Sæmundar-Edda, útgfn. G. Jónsson, Rejkjavík 1959.

Bjarkamál [w:] Carmina Scaldica, útgfn. F. Jónsson, København 1929.

Brennu-Njáls saga, útgfn. E.Ó. Sveinsson, Reykjavík 1954.

Edda poetycka, tłum. i oprac. A. Załuska-Strömberg, Wrocław 1986.

Egils saga Skalla-Grímssonar, útgfn. S. Nordal, Reykjavík 1933.

Fóstbroeðra saga, útgfn. G. Jónsson, Reykjavík 1943.

Hrólf saga kraka [w:] Fornaldarsögur Norðurlanda, bd. 1, útgfn. C.C. Rafn, Kaupmannahöfn 1829.

Krákumál [w:] Carmina Scaldica, útgfn. F. Jónsson, København 1929.

Ragnars saga lóðbrókar ok sona hans [w:] Fornaldarsögur Norðurlanda, bd. 1, útgfn. C.C. Rafn, Kaupmannahöfn 1829.

Saga o Egilu, tłum. A. Załuska-Strömberg, Poznań 1974.

Saga o Njalu, tłum. A. Załuska-Strömberg, Poznań 1958.

Saga o Völsungach, tłum. i oprac. R. Leśniakiewicz, Sandomierz 2009.

Opracowania

Friðriksdóttir J.K., Gender, Humour, and Power in Old Nose-Icelandic Literature [w:] Laughter, Humour, and the (Un)Making of Gender: Historical and Cultural Perspectives, eds. A. Foka, J. Liliequist, New York 2015, s. 211228.

Gogłoza W., Przemoc w średniowiecznej Islandii – skala, charakter i czynniki ograniczająceMiscelannea Historico-Iuridica 2018, t. 17, z. 1, s. 227252.

Kanerva K.T., Ógæfa as an Emotion in Thirteenth-Century IcelandScandinavian Studies2012, vol. 84, no. 1, s. 126.

Larrington C., Learning to Feel in the Old Norse Camelot?Scandinavian Studies 2015, vol. 87, no. 1, s. 7494.

Novotná M., Between Body and Soul in Old Norse Literature: Emotions and the Mutability of Form, Turnhout 2024.

Price N., Children of the Ash and Elm: A History of the Vikings, London 2020.

Price N., The Viking Way: Religion and War in Late Iron Age Scandinavia, Uppsala 2002.

Rikhardsdottir S., Emotion in Old Norse Literature: Translations, Voices, Contexts, Cambridge 2017.

Shippey T., Laughing Shall I Die: Lives and Deaths of the Great Vikings, Padstow 2018.

Sprague M., Norse Warfare: The Unconventional Battle Strategies of the Ancient Vikings, New York 2007.

Williams G., Raiding and Warfare [w:] The Viking World, eds. S. Brink, N. Price, London 2008, s. 193203.

Wolf K., Somatic Semiotics: Emotion and the Human Face in the Sagas and Þættir of IcelandersTraditio: Studies in Ancient and Medieval History, Thought, and Religion2014, vol. 69, s. 125145.

Zoëga G.T., A Concise Dictionary of Old Icelandic, Oxford 1910.

Þorgeirsdóttir B., The Language of Feeling in Njáls saga and Egils saga: Construction of an Emotional LexisScripta Islandica 2020, vol. 71, s. 950.

Information

Information: History Notebooks, 2024, Issue 151 (2), pp. 303-315

Article type: Original article

Titles:

Polish:
„Śmiał się, gdy mu wyrzynali serce”. Etos heroicznej śmierci wikinga a emocje
English:
“He laughed then, as they cut to the heart”: Ethos of Viking’s heroic death and emotions

Authors

https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4972-5806

Renata Leśniakiewicz-Drzymała
Jagiellonian University in Kraków
, Poland
https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4972-5806 Orcid
All publications →

Jagiellonian University in Kraków
Poland

Published at: 2024

Article status: Open

Licence: CC BY  licence icon

Percentage share of authors:

Renata Leśniakiewicz-Drzymała (Author) - 100%

Information about author:

Dr Renata Leśniakiewicz-Drzymała – wykładowczyni w Instytucie Religioznawstwa Uniwersytetu Jagiellońskiego, gdzie prowadzi kursy poświęcone wierzeniom dawnych Skandynawów i Germanów kontynentalnych. Zainteresowania badawcze: historia i kultura wikingów i Anglosasów ze szczególnym uwzględnieniem relacji między dawnymi wierzeniami a chrześcijaństwem, literatura staroislandzka, współczesna recepcja średniowiecza.

Article corrections:

-

Publication languages:

Polish

“He laughed then, as they cut to the heart”: Ethos of Viking’s heroic death and emotions

cytuj

pobierz pliki

RIS BIB ENDNOTE