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Egzystencjalna unikatowość żałoby w świetle filozofii dialogu Martina Bubera inspirowanej myślą chasydów

Zygmunt Pucko

Art of Healing, Volume 38, Issue 2, Vol. 38 (2023) , pp. 81-87

https://doi.org/10.4467/18982026SZL.23.016.18592

For centuries, there has been a belief that mourning occurs only after the death of a person close to us. This traditional mourning perception was expanded by S. Freud in the first half of the 20th century. According to him, the mourning may also be vested upon us when we irretrievably lose some important objects of attachment of our selves. This can be either another person or personal properties, capabilities, ideals, values, dreams, physical appearance, work, homeland, health, interpersonal relationships, etc. This kind of mourning frequently induces deep mental trauma and pushes a person to the brink of existential abyss. Culture provides support for those who are orphaned in struggling with it. Philosophical or religious systems of reference are of significant importance in this case. Many valuable guidelines can be found in the philosophy of dialogue by Martin Buber, which was inspired by the Hassidic wisdom. The result of these thoughts can lead to the conclusion that mourning may be converted into a possibility of human self-development and its ontic growth.

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Retoryczny wydźwięk wybranych koncepcji filozofii śmierci i jego pocieszająca rola

Zygmunt Pucko

Art of Healing, Volume 39 Issue 2, Volume 39 (2024), pp. 61-68

https://doi.org/10.4467/18982026SZL.24.013.20705

Death happens just once in a single human’s lifetime, irrevocably destroying their existence. It is universal, and yet it remains hard to define. Human mind is absolutely helpless when it comes to death and yet – despite its limitations – it keeps trying to decipher its mystery. This is why the philosophers have formulated various beliefs concerning death throughout history and have tried to prove that they are right in their own ways. They sometimes use a syllogism to justify their theses. However, they are more likely to frequently use rhetorical devices. The most popular include a unique language, persuasion, figures of speech, sophisms and flights of rhetorics. None of the death concepts quoted in this article was proven by their authors and is considered probable. All of them seem to be abstract constructs closer to rhetoric than philosophy. From the cognitive point of view, they do not offer any knowledge of death, but have a certain therapeutic value as they spark imagination, organize emotions and influence the mind. What is more, they provide theoretical reference systems for a human being. They structure their basic existential categories, help to make sense of eschatological problems and prove transience purposeful. Paradoxically, the models may become a safe shelter from the dread of death and provide mental support for people. Despite their unrealistic character, they get a quasi-ontological status within the mental dimension and are deemed a special form of existence, resulting in permanent effects in the area of consciousness and in the behavioral zone.

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Zygmunt Pucko

Collegium Medicum Jagiellonian University

Collegium Medicum Jagiellonian University

Zygmunt Pucko Email

Collegium Medicum Jagiellonian University

Zygmunt Pucko