Elżbieta Rutkowska
Quarterly Journal of the History of Science and Technology, Volume 65, Issue 2, 2020, pp. 89 - 103
https://doi.org/10.4467/0023589XKHNT.20.014.11995This study aims to analyse 19th-century handbooks of prescriptions in terms of ophthalmic drug technology. The following publications were selected: Jan Bogumir Freyer’s Formulare czyli nauka o sztuczném przepisywaniu lékarstw (Formulare, or on the Art of Writing Prescriptions) – published in Warsaw in 1816, Fryderyk Kazimierz Skobel’s Wykład farmakomorfiki i katagrafologii (Lecture on Pharmacomorphics and Catagraphology) – published in Krakow in 1851, and Antoni Kryszka’s Receptura czyli nauka pisania recept i przyrządzania podług nich lekarstw (Compounding, or on the Art of Writing Presciptions and Preparation of Medicines on their Basis) – published in Warsaw in 1865. In the nineteenth century, ophthalmic medications could be found in three kinds of forms: a dry collyrium (xerocollyrium), an ointment-like collyrium (myrocollyrium), and a liquid collyrium (hygrocollyrium). Ophthalmic medications in solid (powders) and semi-solid (ointments) forms were to contain very finely powdered medicinal substances. The ointments were also required to be non-irritant. Drugs in liquid form (e.g. decoctions, solutions, drops, mixtures) were recommended to be made in accordance with the principles of preparing a given form of the drug. They could be used for instillation, washing or so-called eyebathing, and as eye compresses.
Elżbieta Rutkowska
Quarterly Journal of the History of Science and Technology, Volume 63, Issue 4, 2018, pp. 123 - 137
https://doi.org/10.4467/0023589XKHNT.18.030.9521The following work concerns three selected permanent oral forms of prescription medicines: Stomach lozenges (trochisci, pastilli), morsels (morsuli, tabellae) and rolls (rotulae, orbiculi).
They were recognised as so-called medical treats (cupedia or cupediae medicae), which were also described as: goodies, sweets, spices or drugstore delicacies.
The following handbooks have been analysed: Formulare czyli nauka o sztuczném przepisywaniu lekarstw (Warsaw, 1816) written by Jan Bogumir Freyer (1778–1828), Wykład farmakomorfiki i katagrafologii (Cracow, 1851) by Fryderyk Kazimierz Skobel (1806–1876), Receptura czyli nauka pisania recept i przyrządzania podług nich lekarstw (Warsaw, 1865) by Antoni Kryszka (1818–1912). Issues concerning prescription medicines are described in the above publications.
The work concentrates on terminology, characteristics and rules of preparing prescriptions, as well as methods of their realisation.