Tragedy According to Jacobus Pontanus and the Tradition of Antiquity
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RIS BIB ENDNOTETragedy According to Jacobus Pontanus and the Tradition of Antiquity
Data publikacji: 30.09.2020
Terminus, 2020, Tom 22, zeszyt 3 (56) 2020, s. 187 - 208
https://doi.org/10.4467/20843844TE.20.011.12369Autorzy
Tragedy According to Jacobus Pontanus and the Tradition of Antiquity
The aim of this study is to present the findings of a comparative analysis that covers—on the one hand—the theory of tragedy presented in Poeticarum institutionum libri III by Jakob Pontanus (Spanmuller), the classical and Renaissance poetics and commentaries on which he based his work, as well as the ancient tragedies that belonged to the literary canon in Jesuit colleges, and—on the other hand—Pontanus’s theoretical approach mentioned above and his tragedy Elezarus Machabaeus.
The works of Pontanus have previously been discussed by Joseph Bielmann. However, Bielmann did not present them against the background of the Greek and Roman tragedies or the statements of the ancient theorists on drama, the Renaissance theoretical reflection on tragedies, or the playwriting practice resulting from this reflection. Consequently, his characterisation of the Elezarus Machabaeus is untenable, and his comments on Pontanus’s theory of drama need reviewing. Determining whether Pontanus respected the rules of ancient tragedy or whether he openly violated them is important because he was one of the most outstanding Jesuit humanists and a person of authority in his community. If we take into account the fact that Elezarus Machabaeus was the first tragedy printed by the Jesuits, the Poeticarum institutionum libri tres was one of the first printed Jesuit textbooks of this kind, and Pontanus himself was also the author of other books recommended for reading in Jesuit colleges and participated in the work of the committee for the evaluation and approval of the Jesuit school act, his views on the imitation of ancient models should be considered influential at least to a moderate degree and at least in some literary circles of his time. This matter is addressed in the introductory part of this paper. It also contains a short presentation of Pontanus’s textbook against the background of other Jesuit poetics, as well as of his main sources in the field of drama theory. Subsequently, the author presents Pontanus’s concept of drama and then discusses his piece taking into account the context of ancient and contemporary drama theory and practice of writing.
In the light of this comparative reading, Eleazarus Machabaeus seems to be generally based on ancient models despite certain peculiarities, such as the composition and absence of choruses, which may be surprising at first. Both Pontanus’s tragedy and his theoretical approach should be regarded as classical in nature.
Manuscript sources
“Catalogus triennalis” (1616–1622) in Ordinationes praepositorum generalium, provincialium, visitatorum et responsa Romana Provinciae Polonae et Litvaniae saeculis XVI–XVII data, Archivum Societatis Iesu Cracoviense, 496, pp. 910–919.
Codex Ambrosianus, Biblioteca Ambrosiana, Milano, D 276 inf.
Codex Cantabrigensis, Corpus Christi College, Cambridge, 406.
Codex Etruscus, Biblioteca Medicea Laurenziana, Firenze, Plut. 37.13.
Codex Parisinus, Bibliotheque Nationale, Paris, Lat. 8031.
Codex Parisinus, Bibliotheque Nationale, Paris, Lat. 8260.
Codex Scorialensis, Biblioteca Real, Escorial, T III 11.
Codex Vaticanus, Biblioteca Apostolica Vaticana, Citta del Vaticano, Urb. Lat. 355.
Codex Vaticanus, Biblioteca Apostolica Vaticana, Citta del Vaticano, Vat. Lat. 2829.
Printed sources
Aubery, Jean Henry, Cyrus, Toulouse: Veuve de Jacques Colomiez, 1619.
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Pontanus, Jacob, Poeticarum institutionum libri III. Editio tertia cum auctario, et indice hactenus desiderato. Eiusdem Tyrocinium poeticum cum supplemento, Ingolstadt: Adam Sartorius, 1600.
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Abbreviations
Aristoteles Poetica—Aristotle, Poetics, transl. by Stephen Halliwell, Longinus, On the Sublime, transl. by W.H. Fyfe, rev. by Donald Russel, Demetrius, On Style, transl. by Doreen C. Innes, based on W. Rhys Roberts, Cambridge (Mass.)–London 1999.
Donatus Ad Terentii Adriam; De comoedia—Aelius Donatus, Quod fertur Commentum Terenti, rec. Paul Wessner, vol. 1, Leipzig 1902.
Euanthius—in Aelius Donatus, Quod fertur Commentum Terenti, rec. Paul Wessner, vol. 1, Leipzig 1902.
Horatius Ars poetica—Quintus Horatius Flaccus, Opera, ed. Stefan Borzsak, Leipzig 1984.
Seneca Hercules furens—Lucius Annaeus Seneca, Tragoediae. Incertorum auctorum Hercules Oetaeus. Octavia, rec. Otto Zwierlein, Oxford 1986.
Seneca Hercules Oetaeus—Lucius Annaeus Seneca, Tragoediae. Incertorum auctorum Hercules Oetaeus. Octavia, rec. Otto Zwierlein, Oxford 1986.
Seneca Troades—Lucius Annaeus Seneca, Trojanki. Troades, transl. and ed. by Tomasz Sapota and Iwona Słomak, Katowice 2016.
Biblical references—Biblia sacra vulgatae editionis, Frankfurt am Main 1826.
Studies
Bielmann, Joseph., “Die Dramentheorie und Dramendichtung des Jakobus Pontanus S.J.
(1542–1626)”, Literaturwissenschaftliches Jahrbuch der Gorres-Gesellschaft 3 (1928), pp. 45–85.
Blum, Paul Richard, “Jacobus Pontanus SJ”, in Deutsche Dichter der fruhen Neuzeit (1450–1600).
Ihr Leben und Werk, ed. by Stephan Fussel, Berlin 1993, pp. 626–635.
Boyle, Anthony J., “Commentary”, in Seneca, Oedipus, ed., transl., and comment. by Anthony J. Boyle, Oxford 2011, pp. 95–361.
Carlson, Marvin, Theories of the Theatre: A Historical and Critical Survey from the Greeks to the Present, Ithaca and London 1984.
Chevalier, Jean-Frederic, “Jesuit Neo-Latin Tragedy in France”, in Neo-Latin Drama and Theatre in Early Modern Europe, ed. by Jan Bloemendal and Howard B. Norland, Leiden and Boston 2013, pp. 415–569.
Chevalier, Jean-Frederic, “Neo-Latin Theatre in Italy”, in Neo-Latin Drama and Theatre in Early Modern Europe, ed. by Jan Bloemendal and Howard B. Norland, Leiden and Boston 2013, pp. 25–101.
Dainville, Francois de, L’education des Jesuites (XVIe–XVIIIe siecles), ed. by Marie-Madelaine Compere, Paris 1978.
Hill, D.E., “Seneca’s Choruses”, Mnemosyne 53 (2000), no. 5, pp. 561–587.
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Lagioia, Alessandro, “Introduzione”, in Nicola Trevet, Commento all’Oedipus di Seneca, ed. By Alessandro Lagioia, Bari 2008, pp. IX–XLII.
Leinsle, Ulrich G., “Jacobus Pontanus SJ (1542–1626). Humanismus und ‘pietas’ in der Spatrenaissance”, Beitrage zur Geschichte des Bistums Regensburg 43 (2009), pp. 81–99.
MacGregor, Alexander P., “The Manuscripts of Seneca’s Tragedies: A Handlist”, in Aufstieg und Niedergang der romischen Welt, vol. II 32.2, ed. by Wolfgang Haase. Berlin and New York 1985, pp. 1135–1241.
Mahlmann-Bauer, Barbara, “Jakob Pontanus in Augsburg. Seine Schulergesprache, seine Poetik und sein Drama ‘Opferung Isaaks’”, in Jakob Bidermann und sein ‘Cenodoxus’. Der bedeutendste Dramatiker aus dem Jesuitenorden und sein erfolgreichstes Stuck, ed. by Helmut Gier, Regensburg 2005, pp. 15–59.
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Valentin, Jean-Marie, Le Theatre des Jesuites dans les pays de langue allemande. Repertoire chronologique des pieces representees et des documents conserves (1555–1773), vol. 1: Premiere partie: 1555–1728, Stuttgart 1983.
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Informacje: Terminus, 2020, Tom 22, zeszyt 3 (56) 2020, s. 187 - 208
Typ artykułu: Oryginalny artykuł naukowy
Tytuły:
Tragedy According to Jacobus Pontanus and the Tradition of Antiquity
Tragedy According to Jacobus Pontanus and the Tradition of Antiquity
Uniwersytet Śląski w Katowicach, Bankowa 12, 40-007 Katowice
Publikacja: 30.09.2020
Status artykułu: Otwarte
Licencja: CC BY-NC-ND
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