FAQ

Terminus. Czasopismo Poświęcone Literaturze i Kulturze Dawnej

Logotyp Uniwersytetu Jagiellońskiego

Obscure loqui. Zagadki i ich definicje w łacińskich traktatach i podręcznikach poetyki XVI–XVIII wieku wobec tradycji antycznej

Data publikacji: 06.2020

Terminus, 2020, Tom 22, zeszyt 2 (55), s. 143 - 156

https://doi.org/10.4467/20843844TE.20.008.11978

Autorzy

Barbara Milewska-Waźbińska
Uniwersytet Warszawski, ul. Krakowskie Przedmieście 30, 00-927 Warszawa, Polska
https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6139-7468 Orcid
Wszystkie publikacje autora →

Tytuły

Obscure loqui. Zagadki i ich definicje w łacińskich traktatach i podręcznikach poetyki XVI–XVIII wieku wobec tradycji antycznej

Abstrakt

Obscure loqui—Riddles and Their Definitions in Latin Treatises and Handbooks of Poetics in the 16th–18th Centuries Due to the Ancient Tradition

Julian Krzyżanowski’s statement that a riddle is a literary genre standing on the border between literature and language is the best inspiration for the philologist to undertake research on this issue. The article contains considerations on definitions and theory of this popular genre in old literature. It has been mentioned that the most complete theoretical and literary reflection on riddles in the early modern era was conducted by the Italian humanist Lilio Giraldi in his Latin work Libellus, in quo aenigmata pleraque antiquorum explicantur, first published in 1539 in Basel and then again in 1551. Giraldi directed his thoughts first to the Latin definition of the riddle noted by Aulus Gellius. The author of the article points out that scholars do not report the ambiguity of the riddle genre in their research, and in particular they ignore the fact that Gellius caused trouble to humanists when he used the word “scirpus”in his definition. Although in ancient times theoretical reflection on the riddle was not too abundant, the author’s attempt to go through ancient sources in Greek (Aristotle, Plutarch, Athenaeus) allows us to penetrate deeper into the definitions, terminology and semantics of the riddle genre and to consider its function in modern literary theory and practice terms derived from the Greek language, such as: aenigma, griphus, logogriphus. The author of this article emphasises that in contrast to the theoretical ancient reflection, in the treatises on poetics and rhetoric created in the Renaissance, and above all in the Baroque, including the works of the Jesuits, one can find numerous extensive remarks about riddles which were eagerly practised at that time. An example of the vivid interest in this subject matter is the Latin manuscript discussed briefly in the article. The text was written in the first half of the 18th century and contains, inter alia, notes on the theory of poetry. Among the issues enclosed in this manuscript textbook, much space is devoted to riddles. Despite the terminological ambiguity of the riddle genre and the equivocality of definitions, which were carefully noted by the authors of the theoretical treatises, in the conclusion of this article the author emphasises the extraordinary popularity that various forms of riddles enjoyed in literary practice in the 16th–18th centuries.

Bibliografia

Adamczewska I., Zagadka, w: Słownik rodzajów i gatunków literackich, red. G. Gazda, S. Tynecka-Makowska, Krakow 2006, s. 799–800.

Aenigmatographia sive Sylloge Aenigmatum et griphorum convivalium, rec. N. Reusner, Frankfurt: Georgius Draudius, Philipp Engel, 1599.

Alstedius I.H., Scientiarum omnium Encyclopaediae Tomus secundus, Lyon: filius Ioannis Antonii Hugvetan et Marci Antonii Ravaud, 1649.

Anthologia Latina, sive poesis Latinae supplementum, ed. by F. Buecheler, A. Riese, E. Lommatzsch, Lipsiae 1894.

Arystoteles, Retoryka. Retoryka dla Aleksandra. Poetyka, przeł. H. Podbielski, Warszawa 2004.

Atenajos, Uczta mędrców, przeł. K. Bartol, J. Danielewicz, Poznań 2010.

Augustinus Aurelius, De Trinitate, ed. J. Kreuzer, Hamburg 2003.

Beda Venerabilis, De schematibus et tropis sacrarum literarum liber, Basileae: Adamus Petrus, 1527.

Bismark H., Rätselbücher. Entstehung und Entwicklung eines frühneuzeitlichen Buchtyps im deutschsprachigen Raum. Mit einer Bibliographie der Rätselbücher bis 1800, Berlin 2007.

Blauner D.G., The Early Literary Riddle, „Folklore” 78 (1967), s. 49–58.

Caramuel y Lobkowitz J., Primus Calamus ob oculos ponens Metametricam quae variis currentium, recurrentium, adscendentium […] multiformes labyrintos exornat, Roma: Fabius Falconius, 1663.

Cicero M.T., De oratore, book III, ed. D. Mankin, Cambridge 2011.

Cook E., Enigmas and Riddles in Literature, Cambridge 2006.

Du Cygne M., De arte poetica libri duo, Liege: vidua Balduini Bronkart, 1664.

Ennius Q., Ennianae poesis reliquiae, rec. J. Vahlen, Lipsk 1903.

Erasmus Roterodamus D., Adagia, 1376, w: Opera omnia Desiderii Erasmi Roterodami, t. II 3, ed. M. Szymański, Amsterdam 2005.

Festus S.P., De verborum significatu quae supersunt cum Pauli epitome, ed. by W.M. Lindsay, Lipsiae 1913.

Gellius A., Noctes atticae. Accesserunt eruditissimi viri Petri Mosellani in easdem perdoctae annotationes, Koln: Joannes Gymnicus, 1537.

Grammatici Latini, rec. H. Keil, vol. 5, Lipsiae 1923.

Gyraldus Ferrariensis L.G., Libelli duo, in quorum altero aenigmata pleraque antiquorum, in altero Pythagorae symbola, Basileae: Ioannes Oporinus, 1551.

Hain M., Ratsel, Stuttgart 1966.

Historisches Wörterbuch der Rhetorik, hrsg. von G. Ueding et al., Bd. 1: A–Bib, Tubingen 1992.

Isidorus Hispalensis, Etymologiarum sive Originum libri XX, t. 1, rec. W.M. Lindsay, Oxford 1911.

Juvencius J., Institutiones poeticae ad usum collegiorum Societatis Jesu, Venezia: Nicolaus Pezzana, 1718.

Kapica G., Istota i wartości rozrywek umysłowych w świadomości nauczycieli klas początkowych, „Kultura i Edukacja” 1 (2005), s. 73–90.

Kochanowski J., Elegiarum libri IV. eiusdem Foricoenia sive Epigrammatum libellus, Krakow: Jan Januszowski, 1584.

Kostkiewiczowa T., Logogryf, w: Słownik terminów literackich, red. J. Sławiński, wyd. 4, Wrocław 2002, s. 287–288.

Krzyżanowski J., Zagadka i jej problematyka, „Zagadnienia Rodzajow Literackich” 5 (1962), z. 2(9), s. 5–20.

Lauterbachius I., Aenigmata. Additis simul Nicolai Reusneri […] Aenigmatis, Frankfurt: Collegium Palthenianum, 1601.

Leary T.J., Introduction, w: Symphosius, The Aenigmata. An Introduction, Text and Commentary, London 2014.

Lucilius G., Carminum reliquiae, rec. F. Marx, Lipsk 1904.

Łempicki S., Fraszki łacińskie Jana z Czarnolasu, w: idem, Renesans i humanizm w Polsce, Warszawa 1952.

Masenius J., Familiarium Argutiarum Fontes, Koln: Henricus Rommerskirchen, 1711.

Masenius J., Speculum Imaginum Veritatis Occultae. Editio tertia prioribus correctior, Koln: Haeredes Ioannis Antonii Kinchii, 1681.

Michałowska T., Staropolska teoria genologiczna, Wrocław 1974.

Micraelius J., Lexicon philosophicum terminorum philosophis usitatorum, Jena: Caspar Freyschmid, 1653.

Monda S., Ainigma e griphos. Gli antichi e l’oscurita della parola, Pisa 2012.

Nieznanowski S., Enigmat, w: Słownik literatury staropolskiej. (Średniowiecze – renesans – barok), red. T. Michałowska, Wrocław 1990.

Nowaszczuk J., Difficillimum poematis genus. Jezuicka teoria epigramatu, Szczecin 2013.

Ohl R.T., The Enigmas of Symphosius, Philadelphia 1928.

Ohlert K., Rätsel und Gesellschaftsspiele der alten Griechen, Berlin 1886.

Paschasius a S. Johanne Evangelista, Poesis artificiosa cum sibi praefixa perfacili manuductione ad Parnassum, tam veterum, quam recentiorum poetarum authoritate studiose elaborata, Wurzburg: Elias Michael Zinck, 1668.

Plautus T.M., Comoediae, vol. 1, rec. W.M. Lindsay, Oxford 1936.

Plutarchus, Moralia, vol. 8, Cambridge (Mass.)–London 1969.

Quintilianus M.F., Institutionis oratoriae libri duodecim, vol. 2, rec. M. Winterbottom, Oxford 1970.

Ripa C., Iconologia Del Cavaliere Cesare Ripa Perugino Notabilmente accresciuta d’Immagini, di Annotazioni, e di Fatti Dall’Abate Cesare Orlandi, t. II, Perugia: Piergovanni Costantin, 1765.

Scaliger I.C., Poemata in duas partes divisa, [Heidelberg?] 1574.

Scaliger I.C., Poetices libri septem, [Lyon] 1561.

Schiltz K., Music and Riddle Culture in the Renaissance, Cambridge 2015.

Schultz W., Rätsel, w: A. von Pauly, G. Wissowa, Realencyclopädie der Classischen Altertumswissenschaft, Reihe 2, Bd. 1/2, Munchen 1914, szp. 62–125.

Sebo E., „In scirpo nodum. Symphosius” Reworking of the Riddle Form, w: The Muse at Play. Riddles and Wordplay in Greek and Latin Poetry, ed. by J. Kwapisz, D. Petrain, M. Szymański, Berlin 2013, s. 184–195.

Słownik rodzajów i gatunków literackich, red. G. Gazda, S. Tynecka-Makowska, Krakow 2006.

Stephanus R., Thesaurus linguae Latinae, vol. 1, Lyoni: Philippus Thingius, 1573.

Taylor A., The Literary Riddle Before 1600, Cambridge 1949.

Terentius Afer P., Comoediae, rec. R. Kauer, W.M. Lindsay, Oxford 1963.

Tupper F., Jr., The Comparative Study of Riddles, „Modern Language Notes” 18 (1903), no. 1, s. 1–8.

Vergilius Maro P., Eclogues, ed. by R. Coleman, Cambridge 2003.

Witkowski L., Przekaz antyku w polskiej zagadce literackiej i ludowej, Toruń 1971.

Informacje

Informacje: Terminus, 2020, s. 143 - 156

Typ artykułu: Oryginalny artykuł naukowy

Tytuły:

Polski:

Obscure loqui. Zagadki i ich definicje w łacińskich traktatach i podręcznikach poetyki XVI–XVIII wieku wobec tradycji antycznej

Angielski:
Obscure loqui—Riddles and Their Definitions in Latin Treatises and Handbooks of Poetics in the 16th–18th Centuries Due to the Ancient Tradition

Autorzy

https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6139-7468

Barbara Milewska-Waźbińska
Uniwersytet Warszawski, ul. Krakowskie Przedmieście 30, 00-927 Warszawa, Polska
https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6139-7468 Orcid
Wszystkie publikacje autora →

Uniwersytet Warszawski, ul. Krakowskie Przedmieście 30, 00-927 Warszawa, Polska

Publikacja: 06.2020

Status artykułu: Otwarte __T_UNLOCK

Licencja: CC BY-NC-ND  ikona licencji

Udział procentowy autorów:

Barbara Milewska-Waźbińska (Autor) - 100%

Korekty artykułu:

-

Języki publikacji:

Polski

Liczba wyświetleń: 1219

Liczba pobrań: 1147