Proza nowohebrajska przełomu XIX i XX wieku charakteryzuje się występowaniem specyficznego typu postaci literackiej zwanej bohaterem „wykorzenionym” (hebr. talusz). Artykuł ma na celu przedstawienie jego wizerunku z perspektywy rzeczywistości diaspory. Bez względu na uwarunkowania, które determinują losy protagonistów – omawianych w niniejszym artykule – opowiadań, towarzyszy im wspólny motyw wyobcowania obejmujący wiele płaszczyzn życia. W prozie Michy Josefa Berdyczewskiego bohaterem jest z reguły młody mężczyzna buntujący się przeciwko religijnej mentalności żydowskiej diaspory, a jednocześnie niepotrafiący zaadaptować się do świeckiego świata. Wybrane teksty źródłowe zostały przetłumaczone, poddane gruntownej analizie i porównane pod kątem wspomnianego toposu. Za punkt wyjścia do badań przyjęto stadia wykorzenienia opracowane przez Szimona Halkina. Artykuł stanowi przyczynek do dalszych prac badawczych nad taluszem występującym w hebrajskiej prozie także u innych pisarzy, na przykład Mordechaja Fajerberga lub Uriego Nissana Gnessina.

ABSTRACT

At the Crossroads: The Image of the Uprooted Hero (talush) Based on the Prose of Micha Josef Berdyczewski

New Hebrew prose at the turn of the 19th and 20th centuries is characterized by the presence of a specific type of literary character called the “uprooted hero”(Hebr. talush). The article aims to present his image from the perspective of the diaspora reality. Regardless of the conditions that determine the fate of the protagonists of the stories discussed, they are accompanied by a common motive of alienation pertaining to many different spheres of life. In Micha Josef Berdyczewski’s prose, the protagonist is usually presented as a young man rebelling against the religious mentality of the Jewish diaspora, but at the same time unable to adapt to the secular world. Selected source texts have been translated, thoroughly analyzed and compared in terms of the aforementioned literary topos. The starting point of the research are the stages of uprooting described by Simon Halkin. The article is a contribution to further research on “the uprooted” appearing in the Hebrew fiction by other writers, such as Mordecai Ze’ev Feierberg or Uri Nissan Gnessin.

New Hebrew prose at the turn of the 19th and 20th centuries is characterized by the presence of a specific type of literary character called the “uprooted hero”(Hebr. talush). The article aims to present his image from the perspective of the diaspora reality. Regardless of the conditions that determine the fate of the protagonists of the stories discussed, they are accompanied by a common motive of alienation pertaining to many different spheres of life. In Micha Josef Berdyczewski’s prose, the protagonist is usually presented as a young man rebelling against the religious mentality of the Jewish diaspora, but at the same time unable to adapt to the secular world. Selected source texts have been translated, thoroughly analyzed and compared in terms of the aforementioned literary topos. The starting point of the research are the stages of uprooting described by Simon Halkin. The article is a contribution to further research on “the uprooted” appearing in the Hebrew fiction by other writers, such as Mordecai Ze’ev Feierberg or Uri Nissan Gnessin.