This study is devoted to the problem of the interrelationship between Turkic syŋar ‘direction’ and jak ~ jan ‘side’ on the one hand, and the Khakas, Shor and Oyrot directive suffixes -jar(y) ~ -sar(y) ~ -sāra, and so on, on the other. The paper seeks to answer four questions: (1) Are jak ‘side’ and jan id. two derivatives ultimately of the same root *√ja?; (2) How do jak ‘side’ and sak id. compare?; (3) If it is true that jar, sar < *jagar, *sagar, how, then, should the final vowel in jary, sara, etc. be explained?; (4) How do Old Tkc. syŋar ‘direction’ (also used as a directive postposition) and sar ~ jar compare?

A possible Celtic loanword in Slavic
The author discusses the possibility to explain Slavic *voldyka as a Celtic loanword.

Etymology of the West-Siberian hydronyms in -get/-gat (-ket/-kat)
Besides the trustworthy Yeniseic toponyms in Western Siberia ending in *-ses ‘river’ (Ket/Yugh -ses, Arin -set, Assan/Kott -šet, Pump. -tet) there is a group of hydronyms in the same zones of frequent Yeniseic river names ending in -tes/-tas, -lat, -igaj, -sym/-tym, -tom and -get/-gat (-ket/-kat). One considers them to be Yeniseic too, but only conditionally. The author suggests an etymological explanation of the river names ending in -get/-gat (-ket/-kat), while he derives this component from *-kʌʔt ‘children of the same mother’ with the semantic development: > ‘members of a family’ > ‘members of a family clan’ > ‘tribe’ > ‘people’. The corresponding river names are clipped forms without the appellative ‘river’.

Three approaches to the etymology of Slavic * - are developed under two complementary assumptions about the age of the forms reconstructed with short second syllable. These three approaches are tested to determine which best yields the spread of attested accentual and other forms listed in representative sources. Derivations containing the PIE neuter deictic *h1ed as first component are found to be the most fruitful if it is assumed that anlaut laryngeals remained in Slavic until the completion of both Winter’s law and the subsequent loss by dissimilation of one or more laryngeal reflexes, including the laryngeal component of PIE *d, in this compound word, all these reflexes having merged by this time in some kind of glottal constriction. Comments are also offered on the etymologies of Slavic * (ъ)và and Lith. võs.