Religiosity, conservatism, and value preferences as predictors of attitudes towards science
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RIS BIB ENDNOTEReligiosity, conservatism, and value preferences as predictors of attitudes towards science
Public Management, 2021, Issue 4 (56), pp. 195 - 210
https://doi.org/10.4467/20843968ZP.21.010.17872Authors
Religiosity, conservatism, and value preferences as predictors of attitudes towards science
Anti-science attitudes and movements have been attracting more, and more attention of researchers in the past years, especially during the pandemic. Anti-science attitudes can be defined as a dismissal of established, and empirically confirmed scientific facts for reasons that are not scientifically grounded. Previous research in social psychology has consecutively shown that this phenomenon can be predicted much better by ideological, and worldview variables than by education level. The aim of this research was to examine the role of religiosity, political orientation (conservatism), and individual value preferences in predicting four attitudes towards science, i.e.: climate change denialism, vaccination skepticism, anti-evolutionism, and general positive belief in science. The study was carried out according to the quantitative research paradigm. Hierarchical regression analysis was applied to test the predictive power of each independent variable. For each dependent variable a 3-step regression analysis was carried out, with age as control variable added in step 1, religiosity, and conservatism added in step 2, and 12 values preferences in step 3. The highest correlation could be observed between religiosity, political conservatism, anti-evolutionism, and Tradition value preference. The strongest negative correlations appeared between Universalism, and Power preference, as well as between belief in science, and anti-evolutionism. Conservatism was a positive predictor of climate change denialism, and Universalism preference predicted it negatively. Vaccine skepticism regression analysis did not bring any significant results. Anti-evolutionism was influenced by religiosity, and conservatism, as well as a lower preference of Security, Conformity, and Universalism values. Belief in science was positively predicted by Security preference, and negatively predicted by religiosity, and Tradition preference.
Religijność, konserwatyzm i preferencje wartości jako predyktory postaw wobec nauki
Postawy i ruchy antynaukowe przyciągają coraz większą uwagę badaczy w ostatnich latach, zwłaszcza w czasie pandemii. Postawy antynaukowe można zdefiniować jako odrzucanie ustalonych i empirycznie potwierdzonych faktów naukowych z powodów, które nie są naukowo uzasadnione. Wcześniejsze badania w psychologii społecznej wykazały systematycznie, że zjawisko to można znacznie lepiej przewidzieć na podstawie zmiennych ideologicznych i światopoglądowych niż na podstawie poziomu wykształcenia. Celem badań było przeanalizowanie roli religijności, orientacji politycznej (konserwatyzmu) oraz indywidualnych preferencji wartości jako predyktorów czterech różnych postaw wobec nauki, tj. denializmu zmian klimatycznych, sceptycyzmu wobec szczepień, antyewolucjonizmu i ogólnej pozytywnej wiary w naukę. Badanie przeprowadzono w paradygmacie ilościowym. Zastosowano hierarchiczną analizę regresji do sprawdzenia mocy predykcyjnej każdej zmiennej niezależnej. Dla każdej zmiennej zależnej przeprowadzono trójstopniową analizę regresji, dodając wiek w kroku 1, religijność i konserwatyzm w kroku 2 oraz preferencje wartości w kroku 3. Najsilniej pozytywnie skorelowane ze sobą były religijność, konserwatyzm, antyewolucjonizm i preferencja Tradycji. Najsilniejsze negatywne korelacje zaobserwowano między preferencją Uniwersalizmu i Władzy oraz między wiarą w naukę a antyewolucjonizmem. Konserwatyzm był pozytywnym predyktorem zaprzeczania zmianom klimatycznym, a preferencja Uniwersalizmu jego negatywnym predyktorem. Analiza regresji sceptycyzmu wobec szczepionek nie wykazała znaczących wyników. Na antyewolucjonizm wpływ miały religijność i konserwatyzm, a także niższa preferencja Bezpieczeństwa, Konformizmu i Uniwersalizmu. Wiara w naukę była pozytywnie związana z preferencją Bezpieczeństwa oraz negatywnie z religijnością i preferencją Tradycji.
* This research has been funded from the Society of the Future Priority Research Area budget under the program “Excellence Initiative – Research University” at the Jagiellonian University.
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Information: Public Management, 2021, Issue 4 (56), pp. 195 - 210
Article type: Original article
Titles:
Religiosity, conservatism, and value preferences as predictors of attitudes towards science
Religiosity, conservatism, and value preferences as predictors of attitudes towards science
Jagiellonian University in Kraków, Gołębia 24, 31-007 Kraków, Poland
Article status: Open
Licence: CC BY
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