FAQ

The Concept of Kuṇḍalinī in Śiva Śatakam: A Malayalam Work by Nārāyaṇa Guru

Publication date: 06.11.2020

Studia Religiologica, 2020, Volume 53, Issue 2, pp. 119 - 131

https://doi.org/10.4467/20844077SR.20.009.12512

Authors

Hanna Urbańska
Institute of Classical, Mediterranean and Oriental Studies, Indian Philology and the Culture of India, University of Wrocław
https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4808-2151 Orcid
All publications →

Titles

The Concept of Kuṇḍalinī in Śiva Śatakam: A Malayalam Work by Nārāyaṇa Guru

Abstract

In the present paper an attempt will be made toward interpreting selected stanzas from the work of Nārāyaṇa Guru (1854–1928), a mystic and social reformer from Kerala. In his Malayalam work the Kuṇḍalinī Pāṭṭŭ (The Song of the Kundalini Snake), Guru depicted an ancient yogic concept of Kuṇḍalinī, a coiled power residing in the state of sleep within the subtle energy centre (mūlādhāra) situated at the base of the central body channel (suṣumnā). The very same concept appears in many other works by Nārāyaṇa Guru, including Śiva Śatakam (One Hundred Stanzas on Śiva). An analysis of these stanzas in the light of the Siddha tradition (Tirumandiram by Tirumūlar) reveals that not only has the Kuṇḍalinī concept been borrowed from the Dravidian literature, Nārāyaṇan introduces the Tamil Siddhas’style of description of mystic experiences to his philosophical works, using metaphorical-twilight language which excludes the possibility of univocal interpretation.

References

Agrawal V.S., Matsya Purāṇa. A Study, Varanasi 1963.

Arumugam K.R., Śaivism as Conceived in the Tirumandiram, [in:] The Yoga of Siddha Tirumular.

Essays on the Tirumandiram, T.N. Ganapathy, K.R. Arumugam, G. Anand (eds.), Quebec 2006, pp. 101–153.

Avalon A., The Serpent Power being the Shat-Chakra-Nirūpana and Pādukā-Panchakā, Madras 1950.

Bhāskaran T., Śrīnārāyaṇaguruvinṟe Sampūrṇakṛtikaḷ, Kozhikode 2015.

Brooks D.R., Auspicious Fragments and Uncertain Wisdom: The Roots of Śrīvidyā Śākta Tantrism in South India, [in:] The Roots of Tantra, K.A. Harper, R.L. Brown (eds.), Albany 2002, pp. 57–76.

Devī Māhātmyam. In Praise of the Goddess, trans. and com. by Devadatta Kālī, Delhi 2010.

Ganapathy T.N., The Yoga of Tirumandiram, [in:] The Yoga of Siddha Tirumular. Essays on the Tirumandiram, T.N. Ganapathy, K.R. Arumugam, G. Anand (eds.), Quebec 2006, pp. 157–241.

Ganapathy T.N., The Twilight Language of the Tirumandiram, [in:] The Yoga of Siddha Tirumular. Essays on the Tirumandiram, T.N. Ganapathy, K.R. Arumugam, G. Anand (eds.), Quebec 2006, pp. 295–338.

Ganapathy T.N., A Curtain Raiser, [in:] The Yoga of the 18 Siddhas. An Anthology, T.N. Ganapathy (ed.), Quebec 2004, pp. 1–9.

Gītāsurāj, Śrīnārāyaṇagurudēvan. Śivaśatakam, Varkala 2013.

Goswami Sh.S., Layayoga. The Definite Guide to the Chakras and Kundalini, Vermont 1999.

Kumar P., Śaktism in India (With Special Reference to the Purāṇic Literature), New Delhi 2012.

Kumaran M., The Biography of Sree Narayana Guru, Varkala 2014.

Mādhavānanda S., Vivekacūḍāmaṇi of Śrī Śaṅkarācārya. Text with English Translation, Notes and an Index, Mayavati 1921.

Nair T.B., Jñānakkaṭal (Malayalam Metrical Version of Jnanakkovai, in Tamil), Trivandrum 1974.

Nāyar B., Śrīnārāyaṇa Gurudēvakṛtikaḷ. Sampūrṇa Vyākhyānam, Thiruvananthapuram 2010.

Nāyar C.K.G., Tirumūlanāyanār Tirumantram, Kottayam 2007.

Pandit B.N., Specific Principles of Kashmir Śaivism, New Delhi 1997.

Prasād M.N., Śivaśatakam. Nārāyaṇaguru, Varkala 2016.

SenSharma D., An Introduction to the Advaita Śaiva Philosophy of Kashmir, Varanasi 2009.

Siddhalingaiah T.B., Pāmbāṭṭiccittar. Selections from ‘Dance, oh! Snake! Dance’, [in:] The Yoga of the 18 Siddhas. An Anthology, T.N. Ganapathy (ed.), Quebec 2004, pp. 485–513.

Silburn L., Kuṇḍalinī. The Energy of the Depths. A Comprehensive Study Based on the Scriptures of Nondualistic Kasmir Saivism, Albany 1988.

Śabdatārāvali (Malayāḷam Nighaṇṭu), G.P. Pilla (ed.), Kottayam 2011.

Tagare G.V., Śaivism. Some Glimpses, New Delhi 2001.

The Tirumandiram. Translation and Commentary, T.N. Ganapathy (ed.), trans. T.V. Venkataraman, T.N. Ramachandran, K.R. Arumugam, Quebec 2010.

Tirumantiram by Tirumular, B. Natarajan (ed. and trans.), Chennai 2018.

Urbańska H., The Twilight Language of Svānubhava Gīti by Nārāyaṇa Guru – Analysis of Selected Stanzas in the Light of Tirumantiram and Other Tamil Literary Sources, “Studia Religiologica” 2017, vol. 50, no. 2, pp. 117–129.

Information

Information: Studia Religiologica, 2020, Volume 53, Issue 2, pp. 119 - 131

Article type: Original article

Titles:

Polish:

The Concept of Kuṇḍalinī in Śiva Śatakam: A Malayalam Work by Nārāyaṇa Guru

English:

The Concept of Kuṇḍalinī in Śiva Śatakam: A Malayalam Work by Nārāyaṇa Guru

Authors

https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4808-2151

Hanna Urbańska
Institute of Classical, Mediterranean and Oriental Studies, Indian Philology and the Culture of India, University of Wrocław
https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4808-2151 Orcid
All publications →

Institute of Classical, Mediterranean and Oriental Studies, Indian Philology and the Culture of India, University of Wrocław

Published at: 06.11.2020

Article status: Open

Licence: CC BY-NC-ND  licence icon

Percentage share of authors:

Hanna Urbańska (Author) - 100%

Article corrections:

-

Publication languages:

English