Linguistic Image of Non-Christian Jews in Early Christian Narratives as a Function of Inter-Group Conflict (Theoretical Background)
cytuj
pobierz pliki
RIS BIB ENDNOTEChoose format
RIS BIB ENDNOTELinguistic Image of Non-Christian Jews in Early Christian Narratives as a Function of Inter-Group Conflict (Theoretical Background)
Publication date: 20.08.2019
Studia Religiologica, 2019, Volume 52, Issue 2, pp. 165 - 176
https://doi.org/10.4467/20844077SR.19.012.11198Authors
This article is an attempt to apply a modern social psychology thesis to reproduce a linguistic image of non-Christian Jews in chosen narratives taken from the Greek canonical Gospels of the New Testament. In the first century AD, non-Christian Jews and primitive Christians found themselves in a state of growing ideological conflict resulting in marked changes in their social relations and mutual perceptions. While remaining in close connection with the usage of language and discourse creation, these changes led to the adoption of new linguistic strategies among primitive Christians, thanks to which the image of non-Christian Jews took on over the course of the following years characteristics of negative stereotypes. A structural model has been used to analyse Christian texts, allowing for consistent and uniform comparisons of available sources. The aim of this paper therefore is an attempt to recreate linguistic characteristics of Jews in primitive Christian documents. There is also an alternative proposal for the analysis of stereotypes against that which has been used for many years in the study of anti-Judaism in historical documents. I will present the theoretical context (a short historical outline) and accepted psychological theories.
Bal M., Narratology: Introduction to the Theory of Narrative, Toronto 2002.
Baum G., Is the New Testament Antisemitic? A Re-evaluation of the New Testament, New York 1965
Brandon S., The Fall of Jerusalem and the Christian Church, London 1974.
Brunner B., The Narrative Construction of Reality, “Critical Inquiry” 1991, no. 18, pp. 1–21.
Donaldson T., Jews and Anti-Judaism in the New Testament, Waco 2010.
Dunn J., The Partings of the Ways: Between Christianity and Judaism and their Significance for the Character of Christianity, London 2006.
Fewell D., The Oxford Handbook of Biblical Narrative, Oxford 2016.
Fokkelman J., Reading Biblical Narrative: An Introductory Guide, Westminster 2000.
Greenberg J., Pyszczynski T., Solomon S., The Causes and Consequences of a Need for Self-Esteem: A Terror Management Theory, [in:] Public Self and Private Self, R.E. Baumeister (ed.), New York 1986, pp. 189–212.
Greenberg J., Pyszczyński T., Solomon S., Lyon D., Evidence for Terror Management Theory II: The Effects of Mortality Salience on Reaction to Those Who Threaten or Bolster the Cultural Worldview, “Journal of Personality and Social Psychology” 1990, no. 58, pp. 308–318.
Greimas A.-J., Structural Semantics: An Attempt at a Method, Lincoln 1983 [1966].
Griffin L., Narrative, Event Structures Analysis, and Causal Interpretation in Historical Sociology, “American Journal of Sociology” 1993, no. 98, pp. 1094–1133.
Hare D., The Rejection of the Jews in the Synoptic Gospels and Acts, [in:] Anti-Semitism and the Foundations of Christianity, A. Davies (ed.), New York 1979, pp. 27–47.
Hermans H., VanGilst W., Self-narrative and Collective Myth: An Analysis of the Narcissus Story, “Canadian Journal of Behavioral Science” 1991, no. 23, pp. 423–440.
Isaac J., Jesus and Israel, New York 1971.
Kelber W., Gospel Narrative and Critical Theory, “Biblical Theology Bulletin: A Journal of Bible and Theology” 1988, no. 18, pp. 130–136.
Kille A., Psychological Dynamics of the Bible in Jewish/Christian Conflict, “Pastoral Psychology” 2005, vol. 53, no. 4, pp. 291–301.
Koester H., History and Literature of Early Christianity, Philadelphia 1982.
Lamp J., Is Paul Anti-Jewish? Testament of Levi 6 in the Interpretation of 1 Thessalonians 2:13–16, “The Catholic Biblical Quarterly” 2003, vol. 65, no. 3, pp. 408–427.
Leyens J., Psychological Essentialism and the Differential Attribution of Uniquely Human Emotions to Ingroups and Outgroups, “European Journal of Social Psychology” 2001, no. 31, pp. 395–411.
Macrae N., Stangor C., Hewstone M. (eds.), Stereotypes and Stereotyping, New York 1999.
Mayer J., Zwischen den Testamenten: Geschichte und Religion in der Zeit des zweiten Tempels, Wurzburg 1990.
Morris L., The Gospel According to John, Grand Rapids 1971.
Novum Testamentum Graece, Nestle E., Aland K. (eds.), Stuttgart 1993.
Pannebaker J., Mayne T., Francis M., Linguistic Predictors of Adaptive Bereavement, “Journal of Personality and Social Psychology” 1997, no. 72, pp. 863–871.
Patterson M., Monroe K., Narrative in Political Science, “Annual Review of Political Science” 1998, no. 1, pp. 315–331.
Propp V., Morphology of the Folktale, Austin 1968 [1928].
Ramelli I., Perkins J., Early Christian and Jewish Narrative: The Role of Religion in Shaping Narrative Forms, Tübingen 2015.
Rollins W., Soul and Psyche: The Bible in Psychological Perspective, Minneapolis 1999.
Rollins W., Kille A., Psychological Insight into the Bible, Grand Rapids–Cambridge 2007.
Ruether R., Faith and Fratricide: The Theological Roots of Anti-Semitism, New York 1974.
Sanders P., Davies M., Studying the Synoptic Gospels, London–Philadelphia 1989.
Schnackenburg R., Zur Herkunft des Johannesevangeliums, „Biblische Zeitschrift” 1970, no. 14, pp. 1–23.
Siker J., Anti-Judaism in the Gospels According to Matthew, Mark, Luke, John, and Mel, “Pastoral Psychology” 2005, vol. 53, no. 4, pp. 303–312.
Tajfel H., Human Groups and Social Categories: Studies in Social Psychology, Cambridge 1981.
Tajfel H., Social Identity and Intergroup Relations, Cambridge 1982.
Tajfel H., Turner J., An Integrative Theory of Intergroup Conflict, [in:] Psychology of Intergroup Relations, S. Worchel, W. Austin (eds.), Monterey 1979, pp. 33–47.
Toit P., The Hermeneutical Dilemma behind ‘Anti-Judaism’ in the New Testament: An Evangelical Perspective, “The Journal of the South African Theological Seminary” 2015, vol. 20, no. 10, pp. 43–88.
Topolski J., Narrative, Reality, and Postmodernism: Contributions to the Methodology of the Historical Research, Amsterdam–Atlanta 1994.
Turner J., Towards a Cognitive Redefinition of the Social Group, [in:] H. Tajfel (ed.), Social Identity and Intergroup Relations, Cambridge 1992, pp. 15–39.
Van Dijk T., The Study of Discourse, [in:] T. van Dijk (ed.), Discourse Studies: A Multidisciplinary Introduction, 1, London 1997, pp. 1–34.
Wander B., Trennungsprozesse zwischen frühem Christentum und Judentum im I. Jahrhundert n. Chr., Tübingen 1994
Information: Studia Religiologica, 2019, Volume 52, Issue 2, pp. 165 - 176
Article type: Original article
Titles:
Linguistic Image of Non-Christian Jews in Early Christian Narratives as a Function of Inter-Group Conflict (Theoretical Background)
Instytut Psychologii Polskiej Akademii Nauk
Published at: 20.08.2019
Article status: Open
Licence: CC BY-NC-ND
Percentage share of authors:
Article corrections:
-Publication languages:
EnglishView count: 1289
Number of downloads: 955