FAQ

A Novel Digital Service Taxation & Sustainability Legal Framework Utilizing Artificial Intelligence Analysis of Subsea Cable Data Transmissions

Publication date: 31.03.2022

Financial Law Review, 2022, Issue 25 (1)/2022, pp. 146 - 157

https://doi.org/10.4467/22996834FLR.22.009.15659

Authors

Klemens Katterbauer
EUCLID (Pôle Universitaire EUCLIDE/Euclid University), Banjul
, Gambia
https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5513-4418 Orcid
All publications →

Titles

A Novel Digital Service Taxation & Sustainability Legal Framework Utilizing Artificial Intelligence Analysis of Subsea Cable Data Transmissions

Abstract

The digital economy has led to massive changes in the economy and international trading, where user data have become the cornerstone of new business models. Digital services have become transformational and led to significant revenue generation for these corporations. However, there is a growing perception amongst individuals and governments that these digital services are not taxed fairly, given the ability of companies to shift profits between different countries. Digital service taxes have recently become very attractive and implemented in a variety of countries, but significant challenges remain. Artificial intelligence has become an attractive way of determining patterns across data and has been increasingly utilized in legal environments. I will outline a new legal framework for the integration of artificial intelligence for the determination of digital service taxes and outline the integration of subsea cable communication data into the framework. Furthermore, I will address the legal environmental challenges, specifically related to the South China Sea, and how cost associated with can be incorporated into the digital service tax environment.

References

Download references
Avi-Yonah, R., & Fishbien, N.: The Digital Consumption Tax. Intertax, 2020.
Carter, L., Burnett, D., Davenport, T.: The relationship between submarine cables and the marine environment. Submarine cables, 179-212.
in D.R. Burnett, R. C. Beckman, T. M. Davenport (eds.), Submarine Cables: the handbook of Law and Policy Leiden: Martinus Nijhof Publishers, 2014.
Clark, B.: Undersea cables and the future of submarine competition. Bulletin of the Atomic Scientists vol. 72, no. 4, 2016.
Cordesman, A., Burke, A.: The Critical Role of Chinese Trade in the South China Sea. Center for Strategic and International Studies (CSIS), 2019.
Davenport, T.: Submarine Communications Cables and Law of the Sea: Problems in Law and Practice. Ocean Development and International Law vol. 43, no. 3, 2012.
Faulhaber, L.: Taxing Tech: The Future of Digital Taxation, Virginia Tax Review vol. 39, no. 2, 2019.
Jurdana, I., Ivce, R., Glazar, D.: Submarine optical cables: Impact on the marine environment. Proceedings ELMAR 2014. Zadar: IEEE, 2014.
Klimley, P., Putman, N., Keller, B., Noakes, D.: A call to assess the impacts of electromagnetic fields from subsea cables on the movement ecology of marine migrants. Conservation Science and Practice, vol. 3, no. 1, 2021.
Kota, S., Pahlavan, K., Leppaenen, P.: Broadband satellite communications for Internet access. Dordrecht: Springer Science & Business Media, 2003.
Kovacev, R.: A Taxing Dilemma: Robot Taxes and the Challenges of Effective Taxation of AI, Automation and Robotics in the Fourth Industrial Revolution. Contemporary Tax Journal, vol. 9, no. 2, 2020.
Kraska, J.: The Law of Maritime Neutrality and Submarine Cables. Available at: https://www.ejiltalk.org/the-law-of-maritime-neutrality-and-submarine-cables/, accessed: March 19th 2021.
Lyutova, O.: Taxation of Digital Companies: Experience of Russia and Other Countries. Financial Law Review, Issue 22, 2/2021.
Meißner, K., Schabelon, H., Bellebaum, J., Sordyl, H.: Impacts of submarine cables on the marine environment: A literature review. Report by Institute of Applied Ecology, 2006. Available at: http://www.naturathlon.eu/fileadmin/BfN/meeresundkuestenschutz/Dokumente/BfN_Literaturstudie_Effekte_marine_Kabel_2007-02_01.pdf, accessed: March 19th 2021.
Palais, J.: Fiber optic communications. Englewood: Prentice Hall, 1988.
Rahman, C., Tsamenyi, M.: A strategic perspective on security and naval issues in the South China Sea. Ocean Development & International Law vol. 41, no. 4, 2010.
Reda, A., Howard, I., Forbes, G., Sultan, I., McKee, K.: Design and installation of subsea cable, pipeline and umbilical crossing interfaces. Engineering Failure Analysis vol. 81, 2017.
Taormina, B., Bald, J., Want, A., Thouzeau, G., Lejart, M., Desroy, N., Carlier, A.: A review of potential impacts of submarine power cables on the marine environment: Knowledge gaps, recommendations and future directions. Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews, vol. 96, 2018.
Watanabe, T.: Rationales and Challenges for a Digital Service Tax: Focusing on Location-Specific Rent. Public Policy Review, vol. 17, no. 1, 2021.
Wei, P.: Multinational tax base erosion problem of the digital economy. Modern Economy, vol. 7, no. 3, 2016.
Wrench, G.: The History of Submarine Telecommunication Cables. Paper presented at the Man-Made Objects on the Seafloor 2000, London, UK, May 2000. Available at: https://onepetro.org/SUTMMOS/proceedings-abstract/MMOS00/All-MMOS00/SUT-MMOS-00-005/3078?redirectedFrom=PDF, accessed: March 19th 2021.
Other Official Documents
United Nations, Oceans and the Law of the Sea. Available at: https://www.un.org/en/sections/issues-depth/oceans-and-law-sea/, accessed: March 19th 2021.

Information

Information: Financial Law Review, 2022, Issue 25 (1)/2022, pp. 146 - 157

Article type: Original article

Authors

https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5513-4418

Klemens Katterbauer
EUCLID (Pôle Universitaire EUCLIDE/Euclid University), Banjul
, Gambia
https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5513-4418 Orcid
All publications →

EUCLID (Pôle Universitaire EUCLIDE/Euclid University), Banjul
Gambia

Published at: 31.03.2022

Article status: Open

Licence: CC BY-NC-ND  licence icon

Percentage share of authors:

Klemens Katterbauer (Author) - 100%

Classification number:

JEL Classification System:

Tax Law (K34)

Article corrections:

-

Publication languages:

English