Edward Juchniewicz
Gdansk Journal of East Asian Studies, Issue 5, 2014, pp. 79-85
https://doi.org/10.4467/23538724GS.14.008.2211Modern business world is becoming more international and even more global. Multinational corporations have been around for a long time, and in the era of globalization and the Internet every small business entity can become an international player. Consequently, natural existence of the modern business world is the operation at different legal and tax systems. Moreover, it is not just about tax rates. Various states have even different principles of tax law and tax rules. This article presents potential problems in the context of double taxation for polish entrepreneur who is planning its business activities in the territory of China, Hong Kong and Macao. Based on business examples Author explains tax consequences of a constitutional principle formulated by Deng Xiaoping – One China, Two Systems.
Edward Juchniewicz
Financial Law Review, Issue 6 (2)/2017, 2017, pp. 33-43
https://doi.org/10.4467/22996834FLR.17.006.9034In modern times, the difficult financial situation of municipalities, which are heavily indebted, highlights problem of fiscal local autonomy more than before. It is obvious that for the implementation of the principle of autonomy (principle of independence) of local government is necessary to ensure the financial autonomy (fiscal local autonomy, tax autonomy, proportionality and adequacy of funds) of municipalities. There should be no doubt, that local governments should have enough own funds that can implement the tasks and functions set out in the law. Author of the chapter presents the regulatory and legal problems in terms of the Polish Constitution.