https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9116-7679
Adam Ploszka
Przegląd Konstytucyjny, Issue 4 (2023), 2023, pp. 7-35
https://doi.org/10.4467/25442031PKO.23.025.19352The “Law and Justice” government in Poland in 2016–2020 conducted a controversial “judicial reform”. As a result, access to the profession of judge and prosecutor for people with dual citizenship was initially denied and eventually significantly restricted. In this piece, we analyze these legislative changes through the lens of their conformity with the Polish Constitution, in particular with the constitutional right of access to public service, as well as with Poland’s binding international law. We are also critically examining the arguments raised to justify these regulations and identifying the effects of their implementation. We argue that depriving people of multiple citizenship of access to the judge or prosecutor profession violates the Polish Constitution, as well as international law.
Adam Ploszka
Przegląd Konstytucyjny, Issue 2 (2022), 2022, pp. 63-87
https://doi.org/10.4467/25442031PKO.22.012.16010This article deals with a new development in the field of implementation and protection of human rights: the Human Rights Cities. The paper seeks to answer the research question, whether this development occurs also in Poland. To answer this question, an empirical study was conducted with the participation of 40 Polish cities with more than 100,000 inhabitants. This study enables to categorized Polish cities, that were subject of the study, according to their level of involvement in the implementation of human rights. The leading local Polish governments, which can be labeled as a human rights cities, were identified. These cities account for nearly a third of the cities surveyed.