cytuj
pobierz pliki
RIS BIB ENDNOTEWybierz format
RIS BIB ENDNOTEPre-2001 Taliban Religious Ideology – Context, Roots and Manifestations
Data publikacji: 2021
Studia Religiologica, 2021, Tom 54, Numer 4, s. 307 - 325
https://doi.org/10.4467/20844077SR.21.019.17241Autorzy
This paper critically re-examines some of the prevailing narratives about the religious ideology of the early Taliban and analyses the four most common conventional concepts of it: being an oversimplified version of Islam, being born in madrasas located in Pakistan, being a local variation of Deobandism and being a Pashtun nationalist movement. The author argues that the ideology of pre-2001 Taliban is a non-static, multilayered and oversimplified interpretation of religious dogmas mixed with local tribal customs and definitely more rural fundamentalism than political Islamism. In the first section, the author provides basic definitions, such as ideology and Deobandism. The second section is a presentation of the religious context of Afghanistan and roots of the Taliban. The next section is an analysis of the Deobandi influence over Taliban religious life followed by a paragraph about Pashtunism and the Pashtunwali role in Taliban’s ideology. The next paragraph concerns the practical dimension and implementation of religious rules on the policy of Afghanistan during the first emirate.
Encyclopedia Brittanica, www.britannica.com
Macrotrends, www.macrotrends.net
United Nations High Commissioner for Refugees, www.unhcr.org
Author’s interviews
Author’s interview with W. Mozdah, Kabul, 30.09.2013. Interview with col. Hamid Yari, Kabul, 30.03.2016.
Interview with mullah Muhammad Qazi, Kabul, 18.02 2012. Interview with mullah Zahir, Kabul, 5.11.2015.
Interview with Shafiq Ahmadzai, Kabul, 10.12.2022.
Phone interview with Qaium Gul and mullah Ahmad Akbarzadeh, 11.04.2022.
Bibliography
Abd al-Hakim U., Afghanistan, The Taliban, and the Battle for Islam Today, Combating Terrorism Center at West Point, September 2013, http://www.ctc.westpoint.edu/wp-content/uploads/2013/09/Afghanistan-the-Taliban-and-the-Battle-for-Islam-Today-Translation.pdf [accessed: 23.03.2022].
Akhlaq S.H.H., Taliban and Salafism: A Historical and Theological Exploration, “Open Democracy”, 1.12.2013, https://www.opendemocracy.net/en/taliban-and-salafism-historical-and-theological-exploration/ [accessed: 21.03.2022].
Banuazizi A., Weiner M. (eds.), The State, Religion and Ethic Politics, Lahore 1987.
Borthakur A., Kotokey A., Ethnicity or Religion? The Genesis of the Taliban Movement in Afghanistan, “Asian Affairs” 2020, vol. 51, no. 4, pp. 817–837.
Brahimi A., The Taliban’s Evolving Ideology, London 2010.
Dixit J.N., An Afghan Dairy from Zahir Shah to Taliban, New Delhi 2000.
Dupree N.H., Demographic Reporting on Afghan Refugees in Pakistan, “Modern Asian Studies” 1988, vol. 22, no. 4, pp. 845–865.
Edwards D.B., Before Taliban, Genealogies of the Afghan Jihad, Berkeley 2002.
Fida Yunas S., Afghanistan Political Parties, Groups, Movement and Mujahideen Alliances and Governments, Peshawar 1997.
Giustozzi A., Koran, Kalashnikov and Laptop, London 2007.
Gopal A., van Linschoten A.S., Ideology in the Afghan Taliban, Afghanistan Analyst Network, Kabul 2009.
Green N., Afghanistan’s Islam: A History and Its Scholarship, [in:] Afghanistan’s Islam, N. Green (ed.), Oakland 2017, pp. 1–47.
Jones-Pauly C., Nojumi N., Balancing Relations between Society and State: Legal Steps toward National Reconciliation and Reconstruction of Afghanistan, “American Journal of Comparative Law” 2004, vol. 52, pp. 825–857.
Khan H.M., Islamic Law, Customary Law, and Afghan Informal Justice, March 2016, https://www.usip.org/publications/2015/03/islamic-law-customary-law-and-afghan-informal-justice [accessed: 14.03.2022].
Knipp K., Afghanistan: What is the Taliban’s Religious Ideology?, Deutsche Welle webportal, 2.11.2021, https://www.dw.com/en/afghanistan-what-is-the-talibans-religious-ideology/a-59696686, 11.02.2021 [accessed: 20.03.2022].
Kotokey A., Borthakur A., The Ideological Trajectory within the Taliban Movement in Afghanistan, “Asian Journal of Middle Eastern and Islamic Studies” 2021, vol. 15, no. 2, pp. 205–219.
MacLoughin S., Deobandism, [in:] Routledge Encyclopedia of Islamic Civilization and Religion, I.R. Netton (ed.), London 2008, pp. 143–145.
Matinuddin K., The Taliban Phenomenon, Karachi 1999.
Me oran N., Theocracy, [in:] International Encyclopedia of Human Geography, N.J. Thrift, R. Kitchin (eds.), Amsterdam 2009, pp. 223–228.
Metcalf B., ‘Traditionalist’ Islamic Activism: Deoband, Tablighis, and Talibs, “Item: Insights from the Social Sciences” 2001, https://items.ssrc.org/after-september-11/traditionalist-islamic-activism-deoband-tablighis-and-talibs/ [accessed: 23.10.2021].
Olesen A., Islam and Politics in Afghanistan, Surrey 1995.
Osman B., Gopal A., Taliban Views on a Future State, Center for International Cooperation, July 2016, http://www.cic.nyu.edu [accessed: 22.04.2022].
Penkala-Gawęcka D., Medycyna tradycyjna w Afganistanie i jej przeobrażenia, “Prace Etnologiczne” 1988, vol. 12.
Puri L., The Past and Future of Deobandi Islam, “CTC Sentinel”, Nov. 2009, vol. 11, no. 2, pp. 19–22.
Rashid A., Talibowie, Kraków 2002.
Roy O., Islamic Radicalism in Afghanistan and Pakistan, Paris 2002.
Rubin B., Constitutional Issues in the Afghan Peace Negotiations: Process and Substance, United States Institute of Peace Special Report, November 2020, https://www.usip.org/publications/2020/11/constitutional-issues-afghan-peace-negotiations-process-and-substance [accessed: 20.03.2022].
Samim S., Who Gets to Go to School? Are Taleban Attitudes Starting to Change from Within?, Afghanistan Analyst Network, February 2022, https://www.afghanistan-analysts.org/en/reports/rights-freedom/who-gets-to-go-to-school-3-are-taleban-attitudes-starting-to-change-from-within/, February 2021 [accessed: 20.03.2022].
Skalski S., Forma i znaczenie rytuału zikru we współczesnym Afganistanie, Kraków 2020.
The Constitutions of Afghanistan 1923–1996, Shah M. (ed.), Kabul 2004.
Zahid F., Understanding Taliban through the Prism of Pashtunwali Code, “Tribune Libre” 2013, vol. 37.
Informacje: Studia Religiologica, 2021, Tom 54, Numer 4, s. 307 - 325
Typ artykułu: Oryginalny artykuł naukowy
Tytuły:
Pre-2001 Taliban Religious Ideology – Context, Roots and Manifestations
Uniwersytet Jagielloński w Krakowie, Polska, ul. Gołębia 24, 31-007 Kraków
Publikacja: 2021
Status artykułu: Otwarte
Licencja: CC BY
Udział procentowy autorów:
Korekty artykułu:
-Języki publikacji:
AngielskiLiczba wyświetleń: 509
Liczba pobrań: 453