Eksperci w zakresie badań dokumentów są często proszeni o określenie, czy wydruk pochodzi z określonej drukarki laserowej. Drukarkę rzadko można zidentyfikować, chyba że na wydruku są widoczne jej unikalne wady lub nieprawidłowości. W artykule przedstawiono możliwości identyfikacji i weryfikacji tonerów na wydrukach uzyskanych z rożnych drukarek laserowych przy użyciu skaningowej mikroskopii elektronowej. W sumie 21 wydruków uzyskano z 21 rożnych modeli maszyn drukujących Brother i Konica Minolta. Szesnaście wydruków uzyskano z drukarek, w których były oryginalne kasety z tonerem, a pięć z drukarek z zamiennikami. Ustalono jasne kryteria oceny indywidualnej. Na podstawie zdjęć SEM oraz tych kryteriów ujawniono szczegóły topografii struktury tonera. Na podstawie przeprowadzonych badań określono różnice lub podobieństwa tonerów na badanych wydrukach.

SEM analysis of black toner on printouts. Part II

Document examiners are frequently asked to determine whether or not a printout originated from a particular laser printer. The printer can rarely be identified unless some unique defects or irregularities of the printing are present on the printout. This article presents an overview of a systematic approach to characterizing and discriminating the toner of different laser printers using scanning electron microscopy. A total of twenty-one collected printouts were printed on twenty-one different Brother and Konica Minolta printing machine models. Sixteen printouts were obtained using printers with original toner cartridges while five printouts were obtained using printers with compatible cartridges. Clear criteria were established for individual assessment. Based on the SEM images and established criteria the details of topography of the toner structure were revealed. Due to this study, the differences or similarities of toners on tested printouts were determined. The SEM technique can be successfully, simply, and rapidly applied to the analysis of toners on paper documents.

Document examiners are frequently asked to determine whether or not a printout originated from a particular laser printer. The printer can rarely be identified unless some unique defects or irregularities of the printing are present on the printout. This article presents an overview of a systematic approach to characterizing and discriminating the toner of different laser printers using scanning electron microscopy. A total of twenty-one collected printouts were printed on twenty-one different Brother and Konica Minolta printing machine models. Sixteen printouts were obtained using printers with original toner cartridges while five printouts were obtained using printers with compatible cartridges. Clear criteria were established for individual assessment. Based on the SEM images and established criteria the details of topography of the toner structure were revealed. Due to this study, the differences or similarities of toners on tested printouts were determined. The SEM technique can be successfully, simply, and rapidly applied to the analysis of toners on paper documents.