The Conradian 'Shadow-line' in Selected Works by Stanisław Lem

Daniel  Vogel

The Conradian 'Shadow-line' in Selected Works by Stanisław Lem

Data publikacji: 17.05.2018

Yearbook of Conrad Studies, 2017, Vol. 12, s. 133 - 149

https://doi.org/10.4467/20843941YC.17.010.8667

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Tytuły

The Conradian 'Shadow-line' in Selected Works by Stanisław Lem

Abstrakt

Joseph Conrad wrote The Shadow-Line. A Confession at the end of 1916, when Europe was in the middle of the Great War. As he mentions in the “Author’s Note” (written in 1920), the purpose of the work was to present certain events connected with the passage from youth to maturity. However, in the course of time the expression “shadow line” gained more universal meaning, and now the phrase “to cross the shadow-line” refers not only to crossing the border between youth and maturity, but to passing from one period of life into another. The literary output of Joseph Conrad, had considerable influence not only on his contemporaries or immediate followers, but on the modern artists as well. One of them was Stanisław Lem—philosopher, essayist, author of excellent Science-Fiction novels and short stories, peopled with such characters as Ijon Tichy, Professor Tarantoga or the unforgettable Pirx the pilot. Although in his works Lem, save a few exceptions, does not make direct references to Joseph Conrad and his fiction, Conradian motifs can be traced in most of his novels. One of them is the motif of crossing the shadow-line, noticeable in such works as Return from the Stars, The Invincible, Tales of Pirx the Pilot. The article shows how the author of Solaris used the motif of Conradian “shadow-line” to present the difficult moments, decisions and dilemmas of his protagonists.

Słowa kluczowe

Joseph Conrad, Stanisław Lem, the shadow line, first command, return from the stars, the invincible, Pirx the pilot, loneliness of the commander, responsibility of the commander, loyalty of crew, marine fiction, space voyage

Bibliografia

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Conrad, J., “Autocracy and War” [in:] idem, The Notes on Life and Letters, https://ebooks.adelaide.edu.au/c/conrad/joseph/c75nl/chapter14.html (access: 28 December 2017).

Conrad, J., “Author’s Note” to The Shadow-Line: A Confession [in:] idem, Three Sea Stories, Ware: Wordsworth Editions Limited, 1998.

Conrad, J., “The Crime of Partition” [in:] idem, The Notes on Life and Letters, https://ebooks.adelaide.edu.au/c/conrad/joseph/c75nl/chapter15.html (access: 28 December 2017).

Conrad, J., “The Shadow-Line: A Confession” [in:] idem, Three Sea Stories, Ware: Wordsworth Editions Limited, 1998.

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Jarzębski, J., “Cały ten złom”, Afterword to S. Lem, The Invincible, https://solaris.lem.pl/ksiazki/beletrystyka/niezwyciezony/96-poslowie-niezwyciezony (access: 28 December 2017).

Lem, S., “Ananke” [in:] idem, More Tales of Pirx the Pilot, transl. L. Iribarne, New York: A Helen and Kurt Wolff Book, 1982. Kindle Edition.

Lem, S., Niezwyciężony, Kraków: Wydawnictwo Literackie, 2015.

Lem, S., Opowieści o pilocie Pirxie, Kraków: Wydawnictwo Literackie, 2000.

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Lem, S., “The Conditional Reflex” [in:] idem, Tales of Pirx the Pilot, transl. L. Iribarne, New York: A Helen and Kurt Wolff Book, 1979. Kindle Edition.

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Lem, S., The Invincible, transl. B. Johnston, Kraków: Wydawnictwo Literackie, 2017. Kindle Edition.

Lem, S., Bereś, S., Tako rzecze… Lem, Kraków: Cyfrant, 2013. Kindle Edition.

Lem, S., Szczepański, J. J., “Rozmowa na koniec wieku”, Tygodnik Powszechny 1994, no. 8.

Lem, T., Awantury na tle powszechnego ciążenia, Kraków: Wydawnictwo Literackie, 2016.

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Informacje

Informacje: Yearbook of Conrad Studies, 2017, Vol. 12, s. 133 - 149

DOI: https://doi.org/10.4467/20843941YC.17.010.8667

Typ artykułu: Oryginalny artykuł naukowy

Autorzy

Daniel Vogel

State Higher Vocational School in Racibórz, 47-400 Racibórz, ul. Słowackiego 55, Poland

Publikacja: 17.05.2018

Status artykułu: Otwarte

Licencja: CC BY-NC-ND

Udział procentowy autorów:

Daniel Vogel (Autor) - 100%

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Języki publikacji:

Angielski

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