Stanisława Trebunia-Staszel

The article refers to the research and activity of Nazi Institute für Deutsche Ostarbeit (IDO), which operated in occupied Poland between 1940–1944. Drawing on archival sources mainly on Diary of archeological research in Szaflary (1942), the author provides new and verifi es existing information about research projects and expeditions carried by IDO in Poland, in this case by  Section Vorgeschichte. This yet unknown Dictionary provides new insight not only into research procedures and excavations in Szaflary village but also into Germans ethnopolicy towards conquered nations (Polish Highlanders from Podhale region), as well as relations between German and Polish scientists. In that sense presented article contributes to the contemporary discussion about political involvement of German and academics in the Nazi regime, taking under consideration the relation between science, war, and power. The article is also questioning the problem of ethics, responsibility and political engagement of academics and the statues of data produced by IDO.

The Concept of Góralness in the light of German’s Plans of Exhibition in the Tatra Museum

The article discusses the problem of Nazi ethnopolicy towards the Polish Highlanders from the Tatra Mountains regions. Drawing on new or hitherto littleknown sources produces by Germans officials and ethnologists, author aims to explore the way of perceiving and conceptualization of Górale ethnicity by occupying authority. By analyzing Germans plans of reorganization of the Tatra Museum in Zakopane, she tries to reconstruct the process of objectification of Góralness by Nazi regime. As it is shown, the cultural specificity of Górale, which was exposed by Polish intelligentsia as the essence of Polishness, during World War II became an object of manipulation of the Nazi occupier, who tried to use it to break the national unity of Poles by creating a separate highland nation, so called Goralenvolk.
 

CONTEMPORARY LIFE OF MOUN TAIN FOLKLORE. EXAMPLE OF IN TERNATIONAL FESTIVAL OF HIGHLAND FOLKLORE IN ZA KOPANE
Folklore, mountains, mountaineering people, dance, music, festivity, amusement, festival village, promotion, tourism are the key words, which for decades have illustrated the characteristics of the cultural landscape of Zakopane – the capital of the Polish Tatra Mountain region, called Podhale. Yet above all these words could be regarded as sui generis signs, which for 40 years have been creating the image of one of the oldest Polish and European International Festivals of Highland Folklore [Międzynarodowy Festiwal Folkloru Ziem Górskich (MFFZG)]. The following paper is an attempt to outline the history of the Zakopane Festival, its management, structure and ideological background, as well as its role in shaping the folklore and culture of the whole of Podhale region.
In the summing up the author lays emphasis on the fact that in spite of the many turbulences and impediments that the organizers had had to confront from both the grass roots and the people in power, the Festival survived the test of time and is doing well today. At present it is a prestigious folklore event and one of the most popular tourist attractions in Zakopane, which draws masses of folk enthusiasts/fans from all over Poland and abroad. They visit the festival to “experience an exciting adventure and spend time together with highlanders from different parts of the world”. However, this is not everything, as apart from the carnival atmosphere, the educational promotional and commercial aims, the Festival is also an important event to the local people called Górale. They perceive it as an important annual holiday, during which they can present their traditional culture, and therefore simultaneously strengthen their sense of belonging and their regional identity