Karol Karasiewicz

Self-regulation, anxiety, depressiveness, personalisty styles, and work preoccupation in young adults
The aim of the study was the analysis of the relationships between self-regulation, action/state orientation, personality styles and the levels of anxiety and depression in people who are preoccupied with work, in their early adulthood. The theoretical background for our study was the Action Control and the Personality System Interaction theory by Julius Kuhl. In order to measure preoccupation with work we used The Preoccupation with Work Scale, the anxiety and depression levels were explored using the The State-Trait Anxiety Inventory and The Beck Depression Inventory, respectively. Self – regulation was assessed by using the Volitional Component Questionnaire and action vs. state orientation by using the Action Control Scale. The Personality Styles and Disorders Inventory, was employed to measure the different personality styles. 80 company employees (36 women and 44 men) from corporate enterprises in Wroclaw and Krakow participated in the research. We confi rmed that the levels of anxiety and depression can be viewed as predictors for preoccupation with work in early adulthood. The study also showed the protective effect of action orientation on the development of these psychological symptoms in people who are preoccupied with work. Those individuals most commonly displayed the obsessive – compulsive, narcissistic, and optimistic personality style.

Duration of relationship, endorsement of partners’ opinions concerning stereotypical role of woman in relationship and quality of communication as determinants of satisfaction with a relationship

The aim of the research was to determine whether relational satisfaction is dependent on the type of relation (engagement, marriage relations of different duration: up to three years and over ten years), the quality of communication between partners, and the level of the endorsement of partners’ opinions concerning the stereotypical woman’s role in a close relationship. Two hundred sixteen engaged and married couples took part in the research. Seventy two couples were engaged, seventy two couples were married and the duration of the marriage did not exceed 3 years, and seventy two couples were married for a period longer than 10 years. Participants completed The Questionnaire of Marriage Communication (Kaźmierczak, Plopa, 2005), the level of endorsement of the partners’ opinions concerning stereotypical woman’s role in a close relationship and relational satisfaction were also measured. The results show higher relational satisfaction of participants engaged. Moreover, it was observed that the longer the relation, the lower the assessment of relational satisfaction, and the worse the quality of communication. The important factors determining relational satisfaction are both the quality of communication and the level of endorsement of partners’ opinions concerning stereotypical feminine role in a relationship. Obtained results were analysed in the light of modern theories of relations and gender roles.