2392-1943 Membership in capital companies as a form of exercising the profession of attorney-at-law Sołtys Bogusław author Uniwersytet Wrocławski, Polska, plac Uniwersytecki 1, 50-137 Wrocław Correspondence to: Bogusław Sołtys 31 10 2022 2 (31) 2022 321 332 Copyright © 2022 2022 <p class="abtxt0" style="text-indent: 0cm;"><span lang="EN-GB">The article conducts a legal qualification of attorney’s-at-law professional activities performed for the benefit of capital companies conducting legal activities and their clients. It also considers the arguments for and against introducing the possibility of attorney’s-at-law legal practice in the form of participation in capital companies authorized to provide legal assistance. In conclusion, the author clearly advocates for the change of the currently binding prohibitions on attorney’s-at-law profession.</span></p> 2 Borysiak W., Bosek L., Commentary on Art. 32 [in:] Constitution of the Republic of Poland. Vol. 1: Commentary to Art. 1–86, ed. M. Safjan, L. Bosek, C.H. Beck Warszawa 2016. 3 Kardas P., A few remarks on the function and importance of ethical and deontological standards for the performance of legal professions, “Palestra” [“The Bar”] 2014, No. 1–2. 4 Sołtys B., Separation of the scopes of legal regulated and free activity – de lege lata and de lege ferenda, “Przegląd Sejmowy” [“The Sejm Review”] 2021, No. 3. 5 Sołtys B., Legal activity in the light of the Act of March 6, 2018 – Entrepreneurs’ Law, “Radca Prawny, Zeszyty Naukowe” [“Attorney-at-law. Law Review”] 2019, No. 4. 6 Sołtys B., Organizational and legal forms of providing legal services and their limitations in Polish law, “Prace Naukowe WPAiE Uniwersytetu Wrocławskiego” [“Scientific Papers of the Faculty of Law and Administration of the University of Wrocław”], Series: e-Monographs, No. 100, Wrocław 2017. 7 Sołtys B., Unconstitutionality of Art. 8 of the Act on Attorneys-at-Law, “Radca Prawny, Zeszyty Naukowe” [“Attorney-at-law. Law Review”] 2019, No. 1. 8 Sołtys B., The issue of membership of organizational units in the professional self-government of attorneys-at-law [in:] Przeszłość – Teraźniejszość – Przyszłość Samorządu Radców Prawnych[Past-Present-Future of Self-Government of Attorneys-at-Law], ed. T. Scheffler, A. Zalesińska, K. Mularczyk, M. Pyrz, Warsaw 2022, pp. 313 et seq. 9 Skuczyński P., Status of legal ethics, Warsaw 2010. 10 Walczak K. [in:] Labour Code Comment, ed. W. Muszalski, K. Walczak, C.H. Beck, Warszawa 2021, Legalis. 11 Zacharzewski K., The importance of deontological codes in the field of private law, “Przegląd Prawa Handlowego” [“Commercial Law Review”] 2011, No. 6. 13 Act of 11 April 2001 on patent attorneys (consolidated text: Journal of Laws of 2021, item 944). 14 Act of 16 April1993 on combating unfair competition (consolidated text: Journal of Laws of 2022, item 1233). 15 Act of 16 April 1993 on competition and consumer protection (consolidated text: Journal of Laws of 2021, item 275). 16 Act of 17 November 1964 – Civil Procedure Code (consolidated text: Journal of Laws of 2021, item 1805). 17 Act of 23 April 1964 – Civil Code (consolidated text: Journal of Laws of 2022, item 1360). 18 Act of 23 August 2007 on combating unfair market practices (consolidated text: Journal of Laws of 2017, item 2070). 19 Act of 26 June 1974 – Labour Code (consolidated text: Journal of Laws of 2020, item 1320). 20 Act of 5 July 1996 on tax advisory services (consolidated text: Journal of Laws of 2021, item 2117). 21 Act of 6 July 1982 on attorneys-at-law (Journal of Laws of 2020, item 75, as amended). 22 Act of 6 March 2018 – Entrepreneurs Law (consolidated text: Journal of Laws of 2021, item 162). 23 Act of March 6, 2018 on the rules of participation of foreign entrepreneurs and other foreign persons in the trade in the Republic of Poland (consolidated text: Journal of Laws of 2021, item 994). 24 Constitution of the Republic of Poland of 2 April 1997, Journal of Laws of 1997, no. 78, item 483. 25 Council Directive 77/249/EEC of 22 March 1977 to facilitate of effective exercise by lawyers of Freedom to provide services (Journal of Laws. UE L.1977.78.17 as amended). 26 Directive 2005/36/EC of the European Parliament and of the Council of 7 September 2005on the recognition of professional qualifications (Journal of Laws UE L.2005.255.22 as amended). 27 Directive 2006/123/EC of the European Parliament and of the Council of 12 December 2006 on services in the internal market (Journal of Laws UE L.2006.376.36). 28 Directive 98/5/EC of the European Parliament and of the Council of 16 February 1998 to facilitate practice of the profession of lawyer on a permanent basis in a Member State other than that in which the qualification was obtained (Journal of Laws UE L.1998.77. as amended). 29 Regulation of the Council of Ministers of 24 December 2007 on the Polish Classification of Activities (PKD), Journal of Laws of 2007, no. 251, item 1885. 30 Regulation of the Council of Ministers of 4 September 2015 r. on the Polish Classification of Products and Services (PKWiU), Journal of Laws of 2015, item 1676. 31 The Treaty on the Functioning of the European Union of 25 March 1957, Journal of Laws 2004, no. 90, item 864/2, as amended). 33 Judgment of the Supreme Court of 18 November 2020, III UK 427/19, LEX 3080654. 34 Judgment of the Supreme Court of 18 November 2020, III UK 427/19, LEX 3080654. 35 Judgment of the Supreme Court of 20 July 2012, II CZ 68/12, LEX, no. 1228790. 36 Judgment of the Supreme Court of 23 January 2020, II PK 228/18, LEX no. 3107045. 37 Judgment of the Supreme Court of 28 February 2008, III CSK 245/07, LEX no. 475438. 38 Judgment of the Supreme Court of 4 November 2021, II USKP 12/21, LEX no. 3117753. 39 Decision of the Court of Appeal in Katowice of 25 August 2004, I ACa 1485/03, LEX no. 193584.