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    <front>
                        
                        <journal-meta>
            <issn>1426-5915</issn>
                                </journal-meta>
        <article-meta>
            <title-group>
                                    <article-title>Przestrzenne zróżnicowanie jakości Internetu w aspekcie wykluczenia cyfrowego w Polsce</article-title>
                                    <article-title>Spatial differentiation of the Internet quality in terms of digital divide in Poland</article-title>
                            </title-group>

                        <contrib-group>
                                                            <contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes">
                            <name>
                                <surname>Janc</surname>
                                <given-names>Krzysztof</given-names>
                            </name>
                            <role>author</role>
                                                                                                                                    <xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/>
                                                                                        <xref ref-type="corresp" rid="cor-1"/>
                        </contrib>
                                            <contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes">
                            <name>
                                <surname>Jurkowski</surname>
                                <given-names>Wojciech </given-names>
                            </name>
                            <role>author</role>
                                                                                                                                    <xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-2"/>
                                                                                        <xref ref-type="corresp" rid="cor-2"/>
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                                                </contrib-group>

                                                                                        <aff id="aff-1">
                    <institution-wrap>
                        <institution>Uniwersytet Wrocławski</institution>
                                                    <institution-id institution-id-type="ROR">00yae6e25</institution-id>
                                            </institution-wrap>
                </aff>
                                                                        
            <author-notes>
                                    <corresp id="cor-1">Correspondence to: Krzysztof Janc <email>krzysztof.janc@uwr.edu.pl</email></corresp>
                                    <corresp id="cor-2">Correspondence to: Wojciech  Jurkowski <email>wojciech.jurkowski@uwr.edu.pl</email></corresp>
                            </author-notes>

                            <pub-date date-type="pub" publication-format="electronic" iso-8601-date="2022-05-30">
                    <day>30</day>
                    <month>05</month>
                    <year>2022</year>
                </pub-date>
            
            <volume>25 (1)</volume>
            <issue>2022</issue>
                        <fpage>73</fpage>
                                    <lpage>84</lpage>
            
            <permissions>
                <copyright-statement>Copyright &#x00A9; 2022</copyright-statement>
                                    <copyright-year>2022</copyright-year>
                            </permissions>

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    <body>
        &lt;p&gt;W obecnych czasach społeczeństwo staje się coraz bardziej uzależnione nie tylko od samego dostępu do Internetu, ale również od jego jakości, ocenianej przez pryzmat prędkości przesyłania danych. Stąd też rozpoznanie prawidłowości w tym zakresie, szczególnie w ujęciu przestrzennym staje się istotną kwestią zarówno z punktu widzenia poznawczego jak i aplikacyjnego. Celem opracowania jest identyfikacja przestrzennego zróżnicowania jakości Internetu w skali lokalnej w Polsce. Zjawisko to rozpatrywane jest w kontekście wykluczenia cyfrowego, na dwóch płaszczyznach interpretacji: symetryczności dostępu do Internetu oraz jego substytucji. Podstawowym źródłem wykorzystanym w badaniu są dane pozyskiwane od użytkowników Internetu na drodze crowdsourcingu przy użyciu narzędzia Speedtest firmy Ookla. Umożliwiają one określenie realnej – odczuwalnej przez użytkowników prędkości łącza. W wyniku analizy opracowanej typologii dla gmin wskazano kilka prawidłowości odnośnie zjawiska wykluczenia cyfrowego. Po pierwsze, w przypadku jakości Internetu, wymiar rdzeń–peryferie nie jest uniwersalny i oczywisty, gdyż silnie zaznaczają się układy regionalne. Po drugie, postrzeganie wykluczenia cyfrowego głównie przez pryzmat dostępu do Internetu jest zdecydowanie niewystarczającym podejściem w tego typu badaniach.&lt;/p&gt;
    </body>
    <back>
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