TY - JOUR
TI - Johann Peter Frank and Christoph Wilhelm Hufeland as pioneers of medical prophylaxis in the 18th and 19th centuries
AU - Płonka-Syroka, Bożena
TI - Johann Peter Frank and Christoph Wilhelm Hufeland as pioneers of medical prophylaxis in the 18th and 19th centuries
AB - Vienna University professor J.P. Frank and Berlin University professor Ch.W. Hufeland were pioneers of medical prophylaxis in Europe. Concepts created by them were based on the same ideological grounds (populationism, cameralism) and were in the mainstream of European clinical medicine modernization process. Both authors used the same pathology concept (humoral pathology) explaining diseases origination and their course in organisms. Most of their recommendations in line with prophylaxis were similar. However, there were also differences. J.P. Frank created his public medicine model of prophylaxis as an important factor in Austria where most of its citizens were illiterate at the end of 18th century. He focused on state activities to ensure the efficiency and he recommended police surveillance over it. Ch.W. Hufeland created his prophylaxis concept for the Prussian state where the illiterates were in the minority. He could realistically consider implementation of lifestyle rationalization and personal self-control compliant to clinical medicine in the whole population, not only among the elites. The purpose of the paper is to show the basis of both prophylaxis programmes and context of their creation.
VL - 2018
IS - Volume 63, Issue 4
PY - 2019
SN - 0023-589X
C1 - 2657-4020
SP - 47
EP - 70
DO - 10.4467/0023589XKHNT.18.026.9517
UR - https://ejournals.eu/en/journal/kwartalnik-historii-nauki-i-techniki/article/johann-peter-frank-i-christoph-wilhelm-hufeland-jako-pionierzy-profilaktyki-medycznej-z-xviii-i-xix-wieku
KW - medical prophylaxis
KW - social medicine
KW - Johann Peter Frank
KW - Christoph Wilhelm Hufeland