@article{a645bc0e-652e-439b-8c55-601a4ce51450,
author = {Christian F. Bardele, Nicole Stockmann, Sabine Agatha},
title = {Some Ultrastructural Features of the Planktonic Freshwater Ciliate Limnostrombidium viride (Alveolata, Ciliophora, Oligotrichida) and Improved Diagnoses of Oligotrich Taxa},
journal = {Acta Protozoologica},
volume = {2018},
number = {Volume 57, Issue 3},
year = {2019},
issn = {0065-1583},
pages = {169-193},keywords = {extrusome attachment sites; neoformation organelle; non-motile endoral; ring-canal; sensory cilia},
abstract = {The first transmission and scanning electron microscopical studies in combination with freeze-fracture technology have disclosed some important morphological and ultrastructural features in the freshwater oligotrichid Limnostrombidium viride. (I) The dikinetids (paired basal bodies) of the girdle kinety have a club-shaped cilium associated only with each left basal body. The electron-dense (paraflagellar) body on one side of its “92+2”-axoneme and the regular array of intramembranous particles indicate a sensory, perhaps photoreceptor function of these club-shaped cilia. (II) The stichomonad endoral membrane is proximally covered by a cytoplasmic fold and distally by multiple membranous layers. Thus entirely covered, the endoral is probably no longer involved in food capture; none the less, its associated microtubules might stabilise the cytopharynx. (III) Instead of a contractile vacuole, a horizontal ring-canal with supposed osmoregulatory function occurs. (IV) The extrusive nature of the trichites is not only observed in  electron micrographs, but the attachment sites of these organelles also display a rosette of “8+1”-particles in the P-face of freeze-fracture replicas typical for ciliate extrusomes. (V) The neoformation organelle, the subsurface tube in which stomatogenesis takes place, shows short basal bodies and normal axonemes about 1 μm long. It is accompanied by numerous membrane vesicles, which might provide membrane material for the outgrowing cilia.},
doi = {10.4467/16890027AP.18.014.10090},
url = {https://ejournals.eu/en/journal/acta-protozoologica/article/some-ultrastructural-features-of-the-planktonic-freshwater-ciliate-limnostrombidium-viride-alveolata-ciliophora-oligotrichida-and-improved-diagnoses-of-oligotrich-taxa}
}