@article{a1173cb4-1b2d-4f9f-ba97-b10bfabc59b7,
author = {Artur  Patek},
title = {Soplicovo over Yarkon. A G roup Portrait of Polish War Refugees in Tel Aviv (1940−1948)},
journal = {Central European and Balkan Studies},
volume = {2021},
number = {Tom XXX},
year = {2021},
issn = {2451-4993},
pages = {29-51},keywords = {Tel Aviv; Polish war refugees; Poles in Tel Aviv 1939–1948; collective portrait},
abstract = {In 1939–1948, an important center of Polish pro-independence emigration emerged in Tel Aviv. In January 1945 2,291 Polish civilian war refugees resided there (6,718 in all of the Holy Land). Palestine was at the time a Mandatory Territory of the League of Nations, governed by Great Britain.
	The refugees created a community which differed from the local one. It had clear distinguishing features – it included a large percentage of ill and lonely persons who required care; it had a high rate of feminization, an atypical social and occupational structure (a high percentage of intelligentsia and freelance professions), and a varied ethnic and religious composition. The refugees included many members of pre-war elites, people of culture and politicians.
	The majority of the Poles declared their attachment to national values. However, this was also accompanied by negative phenomena – political divisions and internal feuds. The unlikelihood of returning home in the near future led to frustration. In some people, war experiences weakened ethical and moral standards; some came into conflict with the law.
	The lot of the Poles from Tel Aviv showed all problems of pro-independence emigration: (1) an interest in politics pervaded their lives; (2) material concerns caused increasing worry; (3) awareness of having no say in changing the political situation in the homeland.},
doi = {10.4467/2543733XSSB.21.004.13797},
url = {https://ejournals.eu/en/journal/ssb/article/soplicowo-nad-jarkonem-proba-portretu-zbiorowego-polskich-uchodzcow-wojennych-w-tel-awiwie-1940-1948}
}