TY - JOUR AU - Ruda, Marta TI - <p>The Impersonal Subject -N/T Construction in Polish and the Typology of Voice Heads</p> JF - Studies in Polish Linguistics VL - Volume 9 (2014) PY - 2015 DO = SN - 1732-8160 C1 - 2300-5920 SP - 203 EP - 243 KW - impersonals KW - Polish -no/to construction KW - Voice KW - minimal pronoun KW - extended verbal projection KW - tense-aspect interaction N2 - <p style="text-align: left;">The paper offers a novel analysis of the impersonal construction marked with -no/to in Polish. Contra previous accounts, the -no/to verbal morphology is decomposed into two morphemes, -n/t, realizing an impersonal active Voice head and –o, the default spell-out of unvalued agreement features of finite T. The analysis is embedded within a wider set of assumptions about the composition of the extended verbal projection in Polish, including a second active Voice head in addition to Voice found in personal structures. This suggests that the inventory of Voice heads in natural languages includes not only two non-active heads (i.e. passive and middle), but also two active Voice heads (i.e. personal and impersonal). The distributional and interpretational properties of the construction, including Case-related behaviour in secondary-predication contexts, suggest that the impersonal subject is best analysed as a minimal pronoun, whose Case feature is unvalued/absent in the narrow syntax.</p> UR - https://ejournals.eu/en/journal/studies-in-polish-linguistics/article/the-impersonal-subject-n-t-construction-in-polish-and-the-typology-of-voice-heads