TY - JOUR
TI - On known and less known relations of Leonhard Euler with Poland
AU - Sznajder, Roman
TI - On known and less known relations of Leonhard Euler with Poland
AB - 
	In this work we focus on research contacts of Leonhard Euler with Polish scientists of his era, mainly with those from the city of Gdańsk (then Gedanum, Danzig). L. Euler was the most prolific mathematician of all times, the most outstanding mathematician of the 18th century, and one of the best ever. The complete edition of his manuscripts is still in process (Kleinert 2015; Kleinert, Mattmüller 2007).
	Euler’s contacts with French, German, Russian, and Swiss scientists have been widely known, while relations with Poland, then one of the largest European countries, are still in oblivion. Euler visited Poland only once, in June of 1766, on his way back from Berlin to St. Petersburg. He was hosted for ten days in Warsaw by Stanisław II August Poniatowski, the last king of Poland. Many Polish scientists were introduced to Euler, not only from mathematical circles, but also astronomers and geographers. The correspondence of Euler with Gdańsk scientists and officials, including Carl L. Ehler, Heinrich Kühn and Nathanael M. von Wolf, originated already in the mid-1730s. We highlight the relations of L. Euler with H. Kühn, a professor of mathematics at the Danzig Academic Gymnasium and arguably the best Polish mathematician of his era. It was H. Kühn from whom Euler learned about the Königsberg Bridge Problem; hence one can argue that the beginning of the graph theory and topology of the plane originated in Gdańsk. In addition, H. Kühn was the first mathematician who proposed a geometric interpretation of complex numbers, the theme very much appreciated by Euler.
	Findings included in this paper are either unknown or little known to a general mathematical community.
VL - 2016
IS - 15 (2016)
PY - 2016
SN - 2451-3202
C1 - 2543-702X
SP - 75
EP - 110
DO - 10.4467/23921749SHS.16.005.6148
UR - https://ejournals.eu/en/journal/studia-historiae-scientiarum/article/on-known-and-less-known-relations-of-leonhard-euler-with-poland
KW - Jowin Bystrzycki
KW - complex numbers
KW - Danzig Academic Gymnasium
KW - Carl Gottlieb Ehler
KW - Leonhard Euler
KW - Königsberg bridge problem
KW - Heinrich Kühn
KW - King Stanisław August Poniatowski
KW - Józef Rogaliński
KW - Nathanael Matthaeus von Wolf