TY - JOUR
TI - Migrant Smuggling Through Poland’s Eastern Border – the Case Study
AU - Perkowska, Magdalena
TI - Migrant Smuggling Through Poland’s Eastern Border – the Case Study
AB - 
	The aim of the article is to present a mechanism for the operation of organised crime groups which undertake to facilitate the crossing of a state border against the rules. The deliberations were based on an analysis made on the basis of a case study of a criminal case in which the perpetrators were convicted of organising the crossing of Poland’s eastern border by other people in contravention of regulations, undertaken as part of an organised criminal group. It was verified whether, according to reports from the Border Guard and the European Commission, we are dealing with the activity of international cross-border criminal group or only with network of local criminal groups operating on the territory of individual countries and cooperating with each other. On the basis of the research method adopted, the structure of the group, its mode of operation and the characteristics of foreigners were shown. Part of the deliberations was devoted to the criminal law reaction to the phenomenon mainly based on the level of penalties imposed by the justice system. The penalties imposed in the case in question were analysed and compared with the criminal policy of the Polish justice system within the scope of Article 264 § 3 and 258 of the Criminal Code. This was juxtaposed with the postulates resulting from the implementation of European Union law.
VL - 2021 (XLVII)
IS - Vol. 2 (180)
PY - 2021
SN - 2081-4488
C1 - 2544-4972
SP - 57
EP - 85
DO - 10.4467/25444972SMPP.21.020.13776
UR - https://ejournals.eu/en/journal/smpp/article/przerzut-migrantow-przez-polska-wschodnia-granice-studium-przypadku
KW - organised crime
KW - illegal border crossing
KW - human smuggling penal policy