%0 Journal Article
%T Translator as the Problem of Concrete Poetry
%A Jarniewicz, Jerzy
%J Przekładaniec
%V 2020
%R 10.4467/16891864PC.21.011.13593
%N Issue 41 – Wschód – Zachód. Translacje
%P 198-213
%K literary translation, translation studies, concrete poetry, twentieth-century literature
%@ 1425-6851
%D 2020
%U https://ejournals.eu/en/journal/przekladaniec/article/tlumacz-jako-problem-poezji-konkretnej
%X 
	Among various forms of concrete poetry, I have identified two main types. The first one, which was born as an attempt to transgress national languages and create a universal code, by its very definition questions the sense of translation. Yet it does not nullify it, concrete poetry of this type still needs translators as “conveyers”, who select poems and anchor them into new cultural contexts. Since the shape of the poem remains mostly intact, translation is no longer an interlingual activity, but an intercultural one. In the case of the second type of concrete poetry, which I call paronomatic and which due to its metalinguistic complexity renders the poems untranslatable, translators can be redefined as “exegetes”, offering descriptions and interpretations of the poems. The article discusses in detail selected examples of the two types of concrete poetry in translation, demonstrating the variety of the translator’s tasks.