TY - JOUR TI - Toxic Empathy or Virtual Conversation that Encourages Opening Up to the Other? On the Different Ways in Which an Encounter Can Be Designed in Virtual Reality Non-fiction Experiences AU - Górska-Olesińska, Monika TI - Toxic Empathy or Virtual Conversation that Encourages Opening Up to the Other? On the Different Ways in Which an Encounter Can Be Designed in Virtual Reality Non-fiction Experiences AB - This article explores the topic of virtual reality non-fiction experiences where creators position the viewer as a participant in an encounter. The first part presents a selection of voices in the critical discussion around humanitarian VR, a genre in which viewers are often positioned in this way. The concepts of toxic empathy by Lisa Nakamura, improper distance by Kate Nash, and synthetic vision by Jihoon Kim are discussed. The recapitulation of texts providing critical accounts of humanitarian VR sets the context for the presentation of The Choice VR experience, to which the second part of the article is devoted. VL - 2024 IS - Issue 4 (62) PY - 2024 SN - 1895-975X C1 - 2084-3860 SP - 605 EP - 621 DO - 10.4467/20843860PK.24.038.21233 UR - https://ejournals.eu/en/journal/przeglad-kulturoznawczy/article/toksyczna-empatia-czy-wirtualna-rozmowa-ktora-sprzyja-otwarciu-sie-na-innego-o-roznych-sposobach-projektowania-spotkania-w-niefikcjonalnych-doswiadczeniach-rzeczywistosci-wirtualnej KW - Virtual Reality Nonfiction KW - humanitarian VR KW - The Choice VR KW - Clouds Over Sidra KW - empathy KW - synthetic vision