%0 Journal Article
%T A few comments on the use of self-employment in violation of Art. 22 of the Labour Code: conclusions from NCN Project No. 2018/29/B/HS5/02534
%A Duraj, Tomasz
%J Studies on Labour Law and Social Policy
%V Volume 30 (2023)
%R 10.4467/25444654SPP.23.013.17894
%N Volume 30 Issue 3
%P 175-188
%K self-employment; fictitious self-employment; hourly minimum wage; misdemeanor liability
%@ 1429-9585
%D 2023
%U https://ejournals.eu/en/journal/szppips/article/kilka-uwag-na-temat-stosowania-pracy-na-wlasny-rachunek-z-naruszeniem-art-22-kodeksu-pracy
%X 
	The main objective of the foregoing study is to show the causes and circumstances of the use of self-employment in violation of Art. 22 of the Labour Code, as well as an attempt to find solutions to effectively and efficiently combat fictitious self-employment. The legal solutions in force in this regard are not sufficient, and the scale of abuse is enormous. It is estimated that in Poland the number of self-employed people operating in conditions characteristic of an employment relationship varies between 130,000 and 180,000, although in my opinion these figures are greatly underestimated. The considerations presented here are the result of the research conducted under the direction of profesor Tomasz Duraj within the framework of a research grant funded by the National Science Centre entitled ”In search of a legal model of self-employment in Poland. Comparative legal analysis” (contract No. UMO-2018/29/B/HS5/02534 for research project No. 2018/29/B/HS5/02534).

	ASJC: 3308, JEL: K31

	Artykuł przygotowano w ramach projektu finansowanego przez Narodowe Centrum Nauki (umowa

	nr UMO-2018/29/B/HS5/02534 do projektu badawczego nr 2018/29/B/HS5/02534).