%0 Journal Article
%T Fight and Contemplation. The Towianists amid the European Revolutions of 1848
%A Grana, Giulio Dalla
%J The Polish Journal of the Arts and Culture. New Series
%V 2023
%R 10.4467/24506249PJ.23.002.18995
%N 17 (1/2023)
%P 13-31
%K Polish messianism, Catholic esotericism, Romantic nationalism, Andrzej Towiański
%@ 2450-2561
%D 2023
%U https://ejournals.eu/en/journal/pjacns/article/fight-and-contemplation-the-towianists-amid-the-european-revolutions-of-1848
%X 
	The aim of the article is to show the European diffusion of an esoteric doctrine that originated in Lithuania in the nineteenth century and its circulation during the European uprisings of 1848. The article focuses on a case study of heterodox Catholic thought promoted by Andrzej Towiański. Towianism was diffused in Central and Eastern Europe and consolidated its presence in Western and Southern Europe. The Towianists acted to influence politics and participated in several key historical events of the nineteenth century. Using archival sources, the article investigates the relationship between Romantic nationalism and esotericism, its transnational nature, and its contribution to a turning point in European history.